Upper-gastrointestinal bleeding secondary to peptic ulcer disease: Incidence and outcomes

Table 4 Adjusted odds ratio (95%CI) among all hospitalized patients with Gastrointestinal bleeding due to gastric or duodenal ulcers (n = 6356)

	In-hospital mortality (95%CI)	30-d readmission (95%CI)1	Surgical intervention (95%CI)
Duodenal vs gastric ulcer	1.27 (1.05-1.53)	1.54 (1.19-1.99)	1.73 (1.34-2.23)
One year increase (yr)	0.98 (0.93-1.02)	1.08 (1.02-1.15)	0.99 (0.93-1.05)
Female to male	1.22 (1.01-1.48)	1.26 (0.97-1.63)	0.96 (0.74-1.24)
Age ≥ 65 yr to age < 65 yr	1.65 (1.33-2.05)	1.59 (1.20-2.10)	0.76 (0.59-0.98)
Rural to urban	0.83 (0.64-1.08)	2.36 (1.80-3.09)	1.00 (0.73-1.38)
Perforation to no perforation	2.32 (1.44-3.75)	1.29 (0.58-2.84)	Not Applicable
Surgery2	2.52 (1.73-3.68)	1.29 (0.69-2.43)	Not Applicable
Interventional radiology2	2.22 (0.99-4.99)	0.59 (0.08-4.41)	5.74 (2.69-12.27)
Upper endoscopy2	1.24 (0.96-1.59)	0.59 (0.45-0.77)	0.77 (0.58-1.01)
Charlson comorbidities3
1-2 comorbidities	3.19 (2.35-4.32)	1.29 (0.96-1.73)	1.06 (0.79-1.41)
≥ 3 comorbidities	9.87 (7.42-13.14)	1.33 (0.96-1.85)	1.00 (0.73-1.37)

¹Those who died in hospital were excluded from the calculation for readmission (n = 5813 included in the analysis);

²Those who had the procedure performed compared to those who did not;

³Patients who had no comorbidities was used as the reference group. Patients with ulcers in both the stomach and duodenum or unspecified locations were excluded in this sensitivity analysis.