Analysis of risk factors for postoperative pancreatic fistula following pancreaticoduodenectomy

Table 2 Univariate analysis of predictors for pancreatic fistula following pancreaticoduodenectomy

Characteristic	POPF occurrence				CR-POPF occurrence
	Yes	No	P value	χ2	Yes	No	P value	χ2
Sex			0.429	0.625			0.715	0.134
Male	81	41			41	81
Female	45	29			23	51
Age in years			0.492	0.471			0.119	2.433
≥ 60	53	33			23	63
< 60	73	37			41	69
BMI in kg/m2			0.696	0.153			0.052	3.791
≥ 25	38	23			14	47
< 25	88	47			50	85
Hypertension			0.728	0.121			0.930	0.008
Yes	39	20			19	40
No	87	50			45	92
Diabetes mellitus			0.431	0.621			0.959	0.003
Yes	18	13			10	21
No	108	57			54	111
Serum CA19-9 in mg/L			0.257	1.285			0.774	0.082
> 37	65	42			34	73
≤ 37	61	28			30	59
Pre-operative jaundice			0.638	0.222			0.147	2.102
Yes	71	37			40	68
No	55	33			24	64
Serum albumin in g/L			0.572	0.319			0.498	0.460
< 35	18	8			10	16
≥ 35	108	62			54	116
Blood loss in mL			0.109	2.576			0.639	0.220
≥ 600	16	15			9	22
< 600	110	55			55	110
Pancreatic duct diameter in mm			0.000	15.696			0.008	6.952
≤ 3	75	21			40	56
> 3	51	49			24	76
Pylorus-preserving			0.798	0.066			0.159	1.987
Yes	57	33			34	56
No	69	37			30	76
Pancreatic drainage			0.800	0.064			0.023	5.180
External	40	21			13	48
Enteral	86	49			51	84
Pancreatico-jejunostomy			0.307	1.043			0.766	0.089
Duct-to-mucosa	117	62			59	120
Invagination	9	8			5	12

CR-POPF: Clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula; POPF: Postoperative pancreatic fistula.