Analysis of risk factors for postoperative pancreatic fistula following pancreaticoduodenectomy

Table 1 Main parameters for postoperative pancreatic fistula grading

Grade	A	B	C
Clinical conditions	Well	Often well	III appearing/bad
Specific treatment1	No	Yes/no	Yes
US/CT, if obtained	Negative	Negative/positive	Positive
Persistent drainage, after 3 wk2	No	Usually yes	Yes
Reoperation	No	No	Yes
Death related to POPF	No	No	Possibly yes
Signs of infections	No	Yes	Yes
Sepsis	No	No	Yes
Readmission	No	Yes/no	Yes/no

¹Partial (peripheral) or total parenteral nutrition, antibiotics, enteral nutrition, somatostatin analogue, and/or minimally invasive drainage;

²With or without a drain in situ. CT: Computed tomography scan; POPF: Postoperative pancreatic fistula; US: Ultrasonography.