Pancreaticoduodenectomy with vascular reconstruction for adenocarcinoma of the pancreas with borderline resectability

Table 3 Short-term outcomes

Variables	Group 1	Group 2	P value
	(n= 46)	(n = 32)
Blood loss (mL)	800 (250-1600)	1200 (100-5000)	0.007
Operation time (min)	580 (378-855)	715 (487-992)	< 0.0001
Hospital stay (d)	17 (9-120)	17 (11-89)	0.316
Intensive care unit stay (d)	2 (1-10)	2 (0-24)	0.847
Hospital death	2 (4.3)	1 (3.1)	1.000
Patients with complication	20 (43.5)	10 (31.3)	0.275
Chest infection	3 (6.5)	2 (6.3)	1.000
Pleural effusion	1 (2.2)	1 (3.1)	1.000
Wound infection	7 (15.2)	1 (3.1)	0.176
Subphrenic abscess or collection	5 (10.9)	1 (3.1)	0.406
Intra-abdominal bleeding	1 (2.2)	0 (0.0)	1.000
Gastrointestinal bleeding	1 (2.2)	1 (3.1)	1.000
Cardiac arrhythmia	4 (8.7)	2 (6.3)	1.000
Acute coronary syndrome	2 (4.3)	1 (3.1)	1.000
Deep vein thrombosis	2 (4.3)	0 (0.0)	0.641
Delayed gastric emptying (> 7 d)	3 (6.5)	5 (15.6)	0.355
Types of pancreatic fistula according to ISGPF			0.662
All types	10 (21.7)	5 (15.6)
Type A	6 (13.0)	4 (12.5)
Type B	3 (6.5)	1 (3.13)
Type C	1 (2.2)	0 (0.0)

Data are expressed as median (range), or n (%). ISGPF: International Study Group on Pancreatic Fistula.