Evaluation of prognostic factors on recurrence after curative resections for hepatocellular carcinoma

Table 2 Preoperative prediction factors for tumor biology n (%)

Variables	Low grade (I, II)(n = 134)	High grade (III, IV)(n = 105)	P value	Multivariate
				Relative risk	P value
Tumor size (cm)	3.83 ± 2.35	5.46 ± 3.75	< 0.001
> 5 (n = 59)	22 (16.4)	37 (35.2)	0.003	1.695 (0.594–4.836)	0.324
AFP (ng/mL)	254.4 ± 771.0	3644.9 ± 16856.5	0.023
> 100 (n = 91)	37 (27.6)	54 (51.4)	< 0.001	2.897 (1.080-7.775)	0.035
PIVKA II (mAU/mL)	214.2 ± 355.6	1079.1 ± 2248.3	0.001
> 300 (n = 36)	17 (12.7)	19 (18.1)	0.173	1.000 (1.000-1.001)	0.303
SUVs on PET	3.80 ± 2.21	5.83 ± 3.93	0.004
> 3.5 (n = 44)	15 (11.2)	29 (27.6)	< 0.001	3.305 (1.214-8.996)	0.019
RER on MRI	0.80 ± 0.14	0.68 ± 0.12	< 0.001
< 0.6 (n = 11)	1 (0.7)	10 (9.5)	0.001	1.888 (1.094–3.588)	0.050

AFP: Alpha fetoprotein; PIVKA II: Protein induced by vitamin K absence or angiotensin-II; SUVs: Standardized uptake values; PET: Positron emission tomography; RER: Relative enhancement ratio; MRI: Magnetic resonance imaging.