Endoscopic prevention of post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis

Table 1 Prospective randomized trials of wire-guided cannulation to reduce the incidence of post- endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis

	n	Design	Pancreatitis (n)/accidental PD (n)	Post-ERCP pancreatitis n/n (%)		P value
			(WGC vs CC)1	WGC	CC
Lella et al[25]	200/200	Prospective/Randomized	0/82, 5/113	0/197 (0)	8/195 (4.1)	< 0.01
Artifon et al[23]	150/150	Prospective/Randomized	0/27, 4/21	13/150 (8.6)	25/150 (16.6)	0.02
Bailey et al[24]	202/211	Prospective/Randomized	NA	16/202 (7.9)	13/211 (6.2)	0.48
Katsinelos et al[26]	167/165	Prospective/Comparative	NA	9/167 (5.4)	13/165 (7.9)	0.37
Lee et al[22]	150/150	Prospective/Randomized	2/39, 8/44	3/150 (2)	17/150 (11.3)	0.001
Mariani et al[28]	678/571	Prospective/Comparative	15/99, 8/95	35/678 (5.2)	25/ 571 (4.4)	0.60
Kawakami et al[29]	199/201	Prospective/Randomized2	NA	8/199 (4.0)	6/201 (2.9)	NS

¹The number of post-ERCP pancreatitis following accidental PD injection or cannulation in CC and WGC group;

²Multicenter RCT with a 2 × 2 factorial design. 0/82 vs 5/113, P = 0.08; 0/27 vs 4/21, P = 0.05; 2/39 vs 8/44, P = 0.09 by Fisher’s exact test. PD: Pancreatic duct cannulation or contrast injection; WGC: Wire-guided cannulation; CC: Conventional cannulation; NS: Not significant; NA: Not available.