Microbiota alterations in acute and chronic gastrointestinal inflammation of cats and dogs

Table 2 Comparison of reported microbial shifts in inflammatory bowel disease relative to healthy subjects across species

Organism	Human (Crohn's disease)	Human (ulcerative colitis)	Dog	Cat
Firmicutes	1245Decreased[15,18,56]	124Decreased[15,18]	16Decreased[7]
Class Clostridia			12467Decreased[7,8,14]
Family Ruminococcaceae (Clostridial cluster IV)	24Decreased[15]	24Decreased[15]	12467Decreased[7,8,14]
Family Lachnospiraceae (Clostridial cluster XIVa)	1245Decreased[15,18]	1245Decreased[15,18]	167Decreased[7,8]
Bacteroidetes	14Decreased[18]	14Decreased[18]	167Decreased[7,9]; 17increased[8]
Genus Bacteroides			16Decreased[7]	15Decreased[53]
Fusobacteria			167Decreased[7,8]
Proteobacteria	14Increased[18]	14Increased[18]	167Increased[7-9]	15Increased[10]
Family Enterobacteriaceae	14Unchanged[18]; 25increased [20]	14Unchanged[18]; 25decreased[20]	167Increased[7-9]	15Increased[10]
E. coli	24Unchanged[15]; 145Increased[19]		17Increased[8]
Adherent-Invasive E. coli	15Increased[19]		135Increased[58]
Actinobacteria	14Increased[18]	14Increased[18]	16Increased[7]
Mycobacterium avium subspecies pseudotuberculosis	1Controversial[18]		14Increased[52]
Genus Bifidobacterium	24Decreased[15]	24Decreased[15]		15Decreased[53]

¹Based on mucosal samples;

²Based on fecal samples;

³Granulomatous colitis in Boxer dogs and French bulldogs;

⁴Quantitative polymerase chain reaction;

⁵Fluorescent in situ hybridization;

⁶454-Pyrosequencing;

⁷Gene clone libraries. E. coli: Escherichia coli.