Perioperative restricted fluid therapy preserves immunological function in patients with colorectal cancer

Table 2 Baseline and surgical characteristics of the patients in the two study groups

	Restricted fluid (n = 89)	Standard fluid (n = 96)	P value
Age (yr)	64.7 ± 16.8	65.4 ± 17.6	0.78
Male/Female	50/39	56/40	0.77
Body mass index	21.9 ± 4.2	22.3 ± 3.8	0.50
ASA grade			0.98
I	29	30
II	37	41
III	23	25
Dukes stage			0.61
A	9	8
B	54	65
C	26	23
Comorbidity			0.78
Cardiovascular diseases	46	43
Pulmonary diseases	11	14
Other diseases	16	15
Smokers	21	19	0.53
Site of surgery			0.81
Colon	59	62
Rectum	30	34
Type of surgery			0.38
Laparoscopic	27	35
Open	62	61
Stoma	12	15	0.68
Blood loss (mL)	120 ± 46	133 ± 62	0.11
Length of operation (min)	146 ± 52	154 ± 48	0.28

ASA: American Society of Anesthesiologists.