Metformin does not improve survival in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of patients in the study

Variables	Non-diabetic (n = 438)	Diabetics not on metformin (n = 207)	Diabetics on metformin (n = 56)	P value
Age, yr
Mean ± SD	61.4 ± 13.3	64.7 ± 10.3	64.4 ± 9.7	0.003
Median	61.1	65.5	62
Q1, Q3	53.9, 71.4	56.7, 72.0	57.7, 71.4
Range	19.0-91.5	19.8-89.4	43.3-88.0
Age group				0.001
< 20 yr	2 (0.5)	1 (0.5)	0 (0.0)
21-40 yr	22 (5.0)	2 (1.0)	0 (0.0)
41-60 yr	189 (43.2)	64 (30.9)	19 (33.9)
≥ 61 yr	225 (51.4)	140 (67.6)	37 (66.1)
Gender				0.060
Female	132 (30.1)	47 (22.7)	11 (19.6)
Male	306 (69.9)	160 (77.3)	45 (80.4)
Caucasian	326 (74.4)	168 (81.2)	43 (76.8)	0.170
Etiology of liver disease
Hepatitis C	161 (37.2)	61 (29.9)	12 (21.8)	0.030
Hepatitis B	49 (11.3)	6 (2.9)	5 (9.1)	0.002
Alcoholic liver disease	129 (30.0)	59 (28.9)	10 (18.5)	0.210
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease	25 (5.8)	63 (30.9)	14 (25.9)	< 0.0001
Other	74 (16.9)	18 (8.7)	15 (26.8)	0.012
BCLC stage
Missing	125	45	17	0.080
0/A	72 (23.0)	26 (16.0)	11 (28.2)
B	43 (13.7)	15 (9.3)	4 (10.3)
C	165 (52.7)	96 (59.3)	23 (59.0)
D	33 (10.5)	25 (15.4)	1 (2.6)

All data except for age are shown in n (%). BCLC: Barcelona-Clınic Liver Cancer.