Prevention of esophageal strictures after endoscopic submucosal dissection

Table 2 Intraregional triamcinolone injection for preventing esophageal strictures after endoscopic submucosal dissection

Ref.	Resection size		The methodology of triamcinolone injection						Treatment outcomes
	Circumference1	Length(mm)	Injection needle	Concentration (mg/mL)	Single dose (mL)	Number of punctures(/session)	Total amounts (mg)	Sessions	The rate of strictures	The number of EBD	Observation periods
Hashimoto et al[35]	> 3/4	54	25 G, 4 mm	10	0.2	9-31	18-62	Three times2	19%	1.7 (0-15)	1 yr
		(28-60)							(4/21)
Hanaoka et al[36]	> 3/4	58 ± 11	25 G	5	0.5-1	20-40	100	Single3	6.60%	0 (0-2)	2 mo
									(3/30)

¹The cases of whole circumferential endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) are excluded;

²Three sessions of locoregional triamcinolone injection are performed at 3, 7, 10 d after ESD;

³Only single session of locoregional triamcinolone injection is performed immediately after ESD. G: Gaze; EBD: Endoscopic balloon dilatation.