FXR agonist GW4064 alleviates endotoxin-induced hepatic inflammation by repressing macrophage activation

Figure 1 GW4064 alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced liver injury in a murine nonalcoholic fatty liver disease model. Mice fed on a high-fat (HF) diet for 8 wk received GW4064 for a week before the administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Serum and liver tissues were obtained 6 h after LPS injection. A: Representative hematoxylin and eosin staining of liver sections (arrows) from normal diet, HF, HF + LPS, and HF + GW4064 + LPS mice; B: NAFLD activity scores (NAS) of normal diet, HF, HF + LPS, and HF + GW4064 + LPS mice; C: Serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (mean ± SD) of normal diet, HF, HF + LPS, and HF + GW4064 + LPS mice (n = 5/group). ^aP < 0.05, ^bP < 0.01 vs HF + LPS group; D: Serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (mean ± SD) of normal diet, HF, HF + LPS, and HF + GW4064 + LPS mice (n = 5/group). ^aP < 0.05, ^bP < 0.01 vs HF + LPS group.