Irritable bowel syndrome: A microbiome-gut-brain axis disorder?

doi:10.3748/wjg.v20.i39.14105

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World Journal of Gastroenterology

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1007-9327

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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World J Gastroenterol. Oct 21, 2014; 20(39): 14105-14125
Published online Oct 21, 2014. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i39.14105

Table 2 Cognitive performance in irritable bowel syndrome

Cognitive domain	Sample size:IBS/Control/Other	IBS subtype	SexMale:Female	Mean ageIBS/Control/Other	Key finding	Ref.
Visuospatial memory	39/40	IBS-D = 7; IBS-C = 4; IBS-A = 28	6:33 (IBS)	28/28	Impaired performance which correlated with salivary cortisol levels	[140]
Visuospatial memory	39/40	IBS-D = 7; IBS-C = 4; IBS-A = 28	11:29 (Control)	28/28		[140]
	40/41	N.S.	13:27 (IBS)	37/43	No group differences	[245]
	40/41	N.S.	16:25 (Control)	37/43	No group differences	[245]
Working memory	39/40	IBS-D = 7; IBS-C = 4; IBS-A = 28	6:33 (IBS)	28/28	No group differences	[140]
Working memory	39/40	IBS-D = 7; IBS-C = 4; IBS-A = 28	11:29 (Control)	28/28	No group differences	[140]
	40/41	N.S.	13:27 (IBS)	37/43	No group differences	[245]
	40/41	N.S.	16:25 (Control)	37/43	No group differences	[245]
Cognitive flexibility	30/30	IBS-D = 13; IBS-C = 13; IBS-A = 4	15:15 (IBS)	21/21	Impaired cognitive flexibility and altered frontal brain activity in IBS	[141]
Cognitive flexibility	30/30	IBS-D = 13; IBS-C = 13; IBS-A = 4	15:15 (Control)	21/21		[141]
	39/40	IBS-D = 7; IBS-C = 4; IBS-A = 28	6:33 (IBS)	28/28	No group differences	[140]
	39/40	IBS-D = 7; IBS-C = 4; IBS-A = 28	11:29 (Control)	28/28	No group differences	[140]
	40/41	N.S.	13:27 (IBS)	37/43	No group differences	[245]
	40/41	N.S.	16:25 (Control)	37/43	No group differences	[245]
Selective attention	39/40	IBS-D = 7; IBS-C = 4; IBS-A = 28	6:33 (IBS)	28/28	No group differences	[140]
Selective attention	39/40	IBS-D = 7; IBS-C = 4; IBS-A = 28	11:29 (Control)	28/28	No group differences	[140]
	40/41	N.S.	13:27 (IBS)	37/43	No group differences	[245]
	40/41	N.S.	16:25 (Control)	37/43	No group differences	[245]
	27/27	N.S.	3:24 (IBS)	45/42	No group differences	[246]
	27/27	N.S.	3:24 (Control)	45/42	No group differences	[246]
Reaction time	40/41	N.S.	13:27 (IBS)	37/43	No group differences	[245]
Reaction time	40/41	N.S.	16:25 (Control)	37/43	No group differences	[245]
Affective attention	15/15	IBS-D = 6; IBS-C = 3; IBS-A = 3; Other = 3	4:11 (IBS)	30/30	Enhanced attention to GI symptom-related words	[247]
Affective attention	15/15	IBS-D = 6; IBS-C = 3; IBS-A = 3; Other = 3	5:10 (IBS)	30/30	Enhanced attention to GI symptom-related words	[247]
	20 (Rome II Criteria)/33	N.S.	2:18 (IBS)	31/27	Enhanced attention to pain-related words	[248]
	20 (Rome II Criteria)/33	N.S.	12:21 (Control)	31/27	Enhanced attention to pain-related words	[248]
	36 (Rome II Criteria)/40 (mixed organic GI disease)	N.S.	12:24 (IBS)	35/36	Enhanced recognition of GI-related words	[249]
	36 (Rome II Criteria)/40 (mixed organic GI disease)	N.S.	16:24 (mixed organic GI disease)	35/36	Enhanced recognition of GI-related words	[249]
Affective memory	30 (Manning criteria)/30/28 (depressed patients)/28 (organic GI disease)	N.S.	N.S.	36/35/38/27 (median age)	Enhanced recall of negative words compared to control and organic GI disease - no difference in comparison to depression group	[250]

GI: Gastrointestinal; IBS (D/C/A): Irritable bowel syndrome (diarrhoea/constipation/alternating); N.S.; Not specified.

Citation: Kennedy PJ, Cryan JF, Dinan TG, Clarke G. Irritable bowel syndrome: A microbiome-gut-brain axis disorder? World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20(39): 14105-14125
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v20/i39/14105.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v20.i39.14105