Characteristics and clinical outcome of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced acute hepato-nephrotoxicity among Chinese patients

Table 1 Clinical manifestations of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced kidney and liver injury: Literature summary

No.	Age/Sex	NSAID: Dose and duration of use	Other drugs used concurrently	Peak creatinine	Peak ALT	Peak ALP	Peak bilirubin	Histology	Outcome	Ref.
1	5/F	Acetaminophen: 11 mg/kg per dose, two total doses over 5 h Ibuprofen: 5 mg/kg per dose every 8 h, three total dose	None	6.34 mg/dL	1229 U/L	NK	NK	ND	Recovery	Zaffanello et al[11]
2	25/F	Nimesulide 100 mg b.i.d. for 4 d	Slimming drug containing anthraquinones and ampicillin	431 μmol/L	72 U/L	206 U/L	16 μmol/L	Acute tubular necrosis	Recovery	Li et al[12]
3	70/F	Nimesulide 100 mg b.i.d. for 5 d	None	5.6 mg/dL	1240 U/L	285 U/L	33 mg/dL	Massive necrosis of hepatocytes with more cholestasis	Deceased	Schattner et al[13]
4	56/M	Celecoxib 200 mg one to two tablets per day for 10 mo	Ramipril 10 mg/d	5.2 mg/dL	3 U/L	77 U/L	32.4 mg/dL	Acute interstitial (tubulo)nephritis, acute cholestatic hepatitis	Recovery	Tabibian et al[14]
5	56/M	Diclofenac 100 mg total	Hepatoprotective agents, calcium carbonate, and diuretics	485.3 μmol/L	NK	NK	NK	ND	Recovery	Tomaszewski et al[15]

F: Female; M: Male; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; ALP: Alanine aminotransferase; NK: Not-known; ND: Not-done; NSAID: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug.