Topic Highlight
Copyright ©2014 Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.
World J Gastroenterol. Oct 14, 2014; 20(38): 13804-13819
Published online Oct 14, 2014. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i38.13804
Table 2 Epigenetic alterations in gastric cancer
GenesFunctionPrognosisDetected in serumRef.
DNA methylation
BRCA1DNA repairAssociation with age-[215]
hMLH1DNA repairAssociation with poor survivalYes[75,216]
MGMTDNA repairAssociation with poor survival-[75]
RASSF1ADNA repair/Cell cycleAssociation with poor survivalYes[74,76,77]
CDH1Cell invasion/MetastasisAssociation with poor survivalYes[105,106,138,139,216,217]
RASSF2DNA repair/Cell cycleAssociation with poor survival-[75]
P16Cell cycleAssociation with poor survivalYes[75,137-139,218]
IGFBP3Cell cycleAssociation with lymph node metastasis-[219]
CHFRCell cycleAssociation with invasion depth, differentiation and lymph node metastasis-[218,220]
P15Cell cycle-Yes[139,221]
ADAM23Cell invasion/metastasis--[222,223]
APCCell invasion, Metastasis,Association with poor survivalYes[216]
Signal transduction
LOXCell invasion and metastasisAssociation with Helicobacter pylori-positive individuals-[22]
TIMP3Cell invasion and metastasisAssociation with poor survivalYes[74,216]
HAND1Cell differentiationAssociation with poor survival-[22,75]
MLF1Cell differentiationAssociation with lymph node metastasis-[75,223]
PRDM5Cell differentiation--[223,224]
RORACell differentiation--[223]
NDRG2Cell differentiationAssociation with lymph node metastasis-[225]
BNIP3ApoptosisAssociation with poor survival-[226,227]
DAPKApoptosisAssociation with poor survivalYes[74,139,218,227,228]
TMSApoptosisAssociation with poor survival-[228]
FHITApoptosisAssociation with lymph node metastasis-[105]
GSTP1ApoptosisAssociation with EBV-related gastric cancerYes[139,229]
FLNcCell morphologyAssociation with poor survival-[75]
RUNX3Transcriptional factor, Signal transductionAssociation with poor survivalYes[120,122,123,218,220]
ZNF545Transcriptional factorAssociation with poor survival-[230]
RARβSignal transductionAssociation with poor survivalYes[74,138]
HRASLSSignal transduction--[75]
SFRP2Signal transduction--[108,231]
SFRP1Signal transductionAssociation with lymph node metastasis-[231]
MicroRNAs
let-7gTumor suppressorAssociation with invasion depth, lymph node metastasis-[232]
miR-433Tumor suppressorAssociation with invasion depth, lymph node metastasisGRB2[147,232]
miR-1Tumor suppressorAssociation with tumor stage-[233]
miR-20aTumor suppressorAssociation with tumor stage-[233]
miR-27aTumor suppressorAssociation with tumor stage-[233]
miR-34Tumor suppressorAssociation with tumor stageBcl-2, Notch, and HMGA2[233,234]
miR-423-5pTumor suppressorAssociation with tumor stage-[233]
miR-125a-5pTumor suppressorAssociation with tumor size, invasion,ERBB2[87]
liver metastasis, and poor survival
miR-146aTumor suppressorAssociation with lymph node metastasis, venous invasion, and poor survivalEGFR, IRAK1[87]
miR-9Tumor suppressor-RAB34, CDX2, and NF-κB1[147,234,235]
miR-375Tumor suppressor-PDK1, 14-3-3zeta[236]
miR-433Tumor suppressor-GRB2[147]
miR-214OncogenesisAssociation with invasion depth and lymph node metastasis-[232]
miR-130bOncogenesis-RUNX3[121]