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Copyright ©2014 Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.
World J Gastroenterol. Oct 14, 2014; 20(38): 13756-13766
Published online Oct 14, 2014. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i38.13756
Table 1 Characteristics of Rho/Rho-associated protein kinases substrates
ProteinLocalizationFunctionEffector proteinsRef.
Rho
RhoACytoplasmRegulation of the actin polymerization, basement membrane disassembly and cortical contractilityROCK and mDia1[23,60]
Plasma membraneRegulation of membrane bleb production
Regulation of the turnover of cell–extracellular matrix adhesions at the cell rear
RhoBEndosomesRegulation of the adhesive properties and wound healing in fibroblastp76RBE and DIAPH1 (diaphanous homolog 1)[23]
LysosomesRetardation of growth factor receptor trafficking
Negative regulation of cell survival
Inhibition of metastasis
RhoCCytoplasmPromotion of metastasis (invasion)ROCK and mDia1[23,24]
Plasma membraneRegulation of actin polymerization within invadopodia protrusions
ROCK
ROCK1Plasma membraneDestabilization of the actin cytoskeleton through regulating MLC phosphorylationMLC and RhoE[38,39]
Regulation of cell migration by leading and trailing edges of motile cells
ROCK2CytoplasmStabilization of the actin cytoskeleton through regulating cofilin activityLINK and Cofilin[37,39]
Plasma membraneRegulation of myosin II–dependent phagocytosis
Negative regulation of cell migration