Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A comprehensive review of a growing epidemic

Table 1 Genes and proteins Implicated in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Gene	Protein	Function
APOc3	Apolipoprotein C3	Surface component of VLDL and inhibits LPL[227]
ATGL	Adipose triglyceride lipase	Catalyzes the initial step in triglyceride hydrolysis[228]
CGI-58	Comparative Gene Identification-58	Activator of triglyceride hydroxylases (including ATGL)[228]
GCKR	Glucokinase regulatory Protein	Downregulation of glucokinase[229]
LXR	Liver X Receptor	Transcription factor for numerous target genes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism[230]
PNPLA3	Palatin-like phospholipase-containing protein 3	Unknown, possible triglyceride hydroxylase[16]
PPARα	Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α	Nuclear receptor that promotes the catabolism of fatty acids[231]
PPARγ	Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor γ	Nuclear receptor that promotes storage and processing of fatty acids[232]
PPP1R3B	Glycogen Binding Subunit of Protein Phosphatase 1	Subunit in Protein Phosphatase which activates glycogen synthase[233]
SBERP1c	Sterol regulatory element-binding protein	Transcription factor for genes involved in de novo lipogenesis[234]

ATGL: Adipocyte TG lipase; LPL: Lipoprotein lipase; VLDL: Very-low-density lipoproteins.