Influence of a probiotic mixture on antibiotic induced microbiota disturbances

Table 3 Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale scores for the study participants

		Probiotic		Placebo
		(n = 40)	P value(within group)	(n = 40)	P value
					Within group	Within group
Stomach ache or pain	Baseline	1.10 ± 0.38	-	1.32 ± 0.73	-	0.1011
	End of antibiotic	1.82 ± 1.32	0.0021	1.80 ± 1.26	0.0321	0.9911
	End of treatment	1.48 ± 1.22	0.1031	1.45 ± 1.01	0.6321	0.8291
	End of study	1.38 ± 0.98	0.1311	1.48 ± 1.15	0.6711	0.7411
Nausea	Baseline	1.00 ± 0.00	-	1.23 ± 0.66	-	0.0221
	End of antibiotic	1.50 ± 1.26	0.0221	1.60 ± 1.15	0.0881	0.3601
	End of treatment	1.27 ± 0.93	0.0541	1.15 ± 0.36	0.6081	0.8281
	End of study	1.12 ± 0.79	> 0.9991	1.15 ± 0.53	0.6081	0.1871
Rumbling in stomach	Baseline	1.55 ± 0.75	-	1.50 ± 0.75	-	0.7431
	End of antibiotic	1.95 ± 1.34	0.0381	1.80 ± 1.36	0.1871	0.2341
	End of treatment	1.73 ± 1.26	0.5651	1.42 ± 0.87	0.4881	0.2781
	End of study	1.50 ± 0.93	0.3881	1.35 ± 0.77	0.1791	0.2671
Bloated	Baseline	1.25 ± 0.44	-	1.30 ± 0.76	-	0.5471
	End of antibiotic	1.85 ± 1.48	0.0101	1.32 ± 0.76	0.9361	0.0711
	End of treatment	1.50 ± 0.96	0.1971	1.32 ± 0.80	> 0.9991	0.2421
	End of study	1.50 ± 0.88	0.0961	1.40 ± 1.08	0.7191	0.2961
Flatulus	Baseline	1.57 ± 0.81	-	1.52 ± 0.78	-	0.8341
	End of antibiotic	2.00 ± 1.36	0.0291	1.62 ± 0.98	0.8571	0.2391
	End of treatment	1.70 ± 1.30	> 0.9991	1.45 ± 0.99	0.3311	0.3031
	End of study	1.52 ± 1.13	0.2911	1.45 ± 0.85	0.4921	0.6891
Diarrhea	Baseline	1.18 ± 0.55	-	1.20 ± 0.79	-	0.5121
	End of antibiotic	1.92 ± 1.53	0.0011	1.73 ± 1.26	0.0501	0.6141
	End of treatment	1.45 ± 1.28	0.2601	1.20 ± 0.61	> 0.9991	0.6701
	End of study	1.35 ± 1.05	0.3891	1.15 ± 0.70	0.8921	0.0941
Loose stools	Baseline	1.25 ± 0.63	-	1.25 ± 0.71	-	0.7931
	End of antibiotic	1.70 ± 1.07	0.0021	1.48 ± 0.75	0.1091	0.4921
	End of treatment	1.48 ± 0.99	0.2411	1.20 ± 0.46	0.7841	0.3221
	End of study	1.25 ± 0.44	0.8241	1.27 ± 0.75	> 0.9991	0.5031
Bowel movement	Baseline	1.25 ± 0.67	-	1.40 ± 0.84	-	0.2911
	End of antibiotic	1.73 ± 1.20	0.0321	1.73 ± 1.06	0.1161	0.7391
	End of treatment	1.52 ± 1.13	0.2081	1.35 ± 0.77	0.8131	0.7121
	End of study	1.38 ± 1.10	0.7171	1.32 ± 0.86	0.5651	0.8161
Acid reflux	Baseline	1.55 ± 0.71	-	1.55 ± 0.64	-	0.8501
	End of antibiotic	1.60 ± 0.90	0.8051	1.55 ± 0.81	0.9601	0.8901
	End of treatment	1.52 ± 0.72	0.8941	1.35 ± 0.66	0.1291	0.2101
	End of study	1.27 ± 0.60	0.0341	1.35 ± 0.66	0.1621	0.4961
Constipation	Baseline	1.27 ± 0.51	-	1.25 ± 0.59	-	0.5171
	End of antibiotic	1.52 ± 1.15	0.2661	1.65 ± 1.25	0.0071	0.6251
	End of treatment	1.42 ± 1.11	0.8221	1.30 ± 0.76	0.8571	0.6051
	End of study	1.60 ± 1.24	0.1081	1.65 ± 1.25	0.0341	0.7081
Overal GSRS	Baseline	1.272 ± 0.280	-	1.322 ± 0.319	-	0.4441
	End of antibiotic	1.60 ± 0.76	< 0.0011	1.54 ± 0.58	0.0071	0.9691
	End of treatment	1.45 ± 0.79	0.5091	1.28 ± 0.33	0.1921	0.4811
	End of study	1.36 ± 0.70	0.7401	1.32 ± 0.57	0.2641	0.8641

Data are expressed as mean ± SD.

¹After a P value indicates that it was obtained from a non-parametric test, such as the Wilcoxon or Mann-Whitney U test. This is done whenever the values being summarized are significantly non-normally distributed, as assessed by the Anderson-Darling test. GSRS: Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale.