Prognostic factors related with survival in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma

Table 3 Selected trials of laboratory prognostic factors in pancreatic cancer

Ref.	No. of patients	Results
CA 19-9 levels
Park et al[8]	340	Elevated CA19-9 levels (> 670 U/mL) were found to independent prognostic factor for OS
Zhang et al[7]	302	mOS, 3.8 mo for patients with high CA 19-9 levels vs 5.0 mo for those with normal CA 19-9 levels
Humphris et al[47]	260	mOS, 25.6 mo for low postoperative CA 19-9 levels vs 14.8 mo for high CA 19-9 levels
		Normalization of CA19-9 within 6 mo of resection was also an independent favorable prognostic factor
Other tumor markers
Zhang et al[7]	302	mOS, 2.0 mo for patients with high CEA levels vs 5.0 mo for those with normal CEA levels
Lee et al[22]	187	mOS was 16.3 and 10.2 mo for patients with normal CEA vs high CEA levels, repsectively
Hematological factors
Zhang et al[7]	302	WBCs were independent prognostic factor for OS
Smith et al[58]	110	mOS in patients with a preoperative PLR of 150 or less was 19.7 mo, 13.7 mo in those with a PLR of 151-300, and 5.8 mo in patients with a value of > 300
Aliustaoglu et al[57]	65	Patients with a NLR value of < 5 had a significantly higher median OS time compared to those with a NLR value of ≥ 5
Stotz et al[56]	371	An increased NLR as an independent prognostic factor for inoperable and surgically resected patients
Biochemical parameters
Zhang et al[7]	302	Serum albumin and BUN levels were found to be independent prognostic factors for prediction of OS
Stocken et al[46]	653	Albumin, ALP, LDH, BUN, and AST were independent prognostic indicators for survival of advanced pancreatic cancer
Haas et al[60]	291	Pretreatment LDH levels were significantly associated with TTP. Baseline LDH,CRP, and bilirubin were significant prognostic factors for OS

mOS: Median overall survival; WBC: White blood cell; PLR: Platelet to lymphocyte ratio; NLR: Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio; BUN: Blood urea nitrogen; LDH: Lactate dehydrogenase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; ALP: Alkaline phosphatase; TTP: Time to progression; CRP: C-reactive protein; CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen.