Clinical mycophenolic acid monitoring in liver transplant recipients

Table 2 Limited sampling strategy for prediction of full mycophenolic acid area under the concentration-time curve in liver transplant recipients

Ref.	Method	Regimen	Patient population	No. of files (cases)	Sampling times investigated (h)	Suggested times of LSS (h)	Predicted AUC =	r2	LSS validation	Bias	Precision
Attard et al[78]	EMIT or	CsA or TAC	Pediatrics	41 files	0, 0.33, 0.67, 1.25, 2, 4, 6, 8	0, 0.33, 2	9.1 + 5.7*C0h + 1.1*C0.33h + 2.1*C2h	0.740	No	N/A	N/A
	HPLC-UV	+ MMF		(41 cases)		0, 0.67, 6	5.2 + 7.1*C0h + 1.1*C0.66h + 5.4*C6h	0.880	No	N/A	N/A
Chen et al[71]	HPLC	TAC + MMF	Adults	72 files	0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12	1, 2, 4	10.776 + 0.749*C1h + 1.604*C2h + 4.116*C4h	0.750	Validation	Yes	Yes
				(40 cases)		1, 2, 6	10.229 + 0.925*C1h + 1.750*C2h + 4.586*C6h	0.855	Group	Yes	Yes
						1, 2, 6, 8	5.503 + 0.919*C1h + 1.871*C2h + 3.176*C6h + 3.664*C8h	0.921		Yes	Yes
						1, 2, 4, 6	6.658 + 0.921*C1h + 1.573*C2h + 2.057*C4h + 3.543*C6h	0.899		Yes	Yes
Chen et al[76]	EMIT	TAC + MMF	Adults	48 files	0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12	1.5, 6	10.56 + 1.55C1.5h + 6.44C6h	0.859	Bootstrap	Yes	Yes
				(48 cases)		2, 4, 8	9.37 + 2.18C2h + 2.10C4h + 4.71C8h	0.901		Yes	Yes
						1, 2, 4, 8	4.46 + 0.81C1h + 1.78C2h + 2.51C4h + 4.94C8h	0.950		Yes	Yes
						1, 2, 4, 6	5.92 + 1.10C1h + 1.01C2h + 1.77C4h + 4.80C6h	0.927		Yes	Yes

LSS: Limited sampling strategy; MPA: Mycophenolic acid; AUC: Area under the concentration-time curve; EMIT: Enzyme multiplied immunoassay technology; HPLC: High-performance liquid chromatography; TAC: Tacrolimus; MMF: Mycophenolate mofetil; CsA: Cyclosporine A.