Predictors for failure of stent treatment for benign esophageal perforations - a single center 10-year experience

Table 2 Patient and lesion characteristics according to stent treatment outcome

	Stent and recovery	Stent and failure	P value
	n = 33 (83%)	n = 7 (17%)
Age, median (range)	62 (10-82)	68 (35-76)	0.193
Sex, M:F	23:10	5:02	1.000
ASA score1	2 (1-2)	2 (2-3)	0.338
Smoker, n = 35	8 (29)	4 (57)	0.200
Alcohol misuse, n = 31	8 (32)	2 (33)	1.000
Cardiovascular disease	12 (36)	5 (71)	0.113
Diabetes	3 (9)	1 (14)	0.552
Pulmonary disease	5 (15)	1 (14)	1.000
Localization			0.224
Distal	17 (57)	6 (86)
Cause of perforation			0.570
Trauma	1 (3)	0
Boerhaave	20 (61)	3 (43)
Iatrogenic	12 (36)	4 (57)
Foreign body	0	0
Primary pleural rupture, n = 36	15 (50)	3 (50)	1.000
Time to stent2 (d), n = 38	1 (1-1)	3 (1-10)	0.020
CRP (mg/L)	63 (21-251)	122 (48-280)	0.572
Albumin (g/L), n = 29	25 (21-33) n = 22	28 (19-35) n = 7	0.878
Creatinine (μmol/L), n = 38	80 (69-137)	80 (46-103)	0.522
BMI (kg/m2), n = 32	24.8 (22.3-27.9)	23.9 (21.7-26.3)	0.698

¹Before the perforation;

²Time between symptom onset or injury and placement of stent. Values are n (%) or median (IQR) unless otherwise indicated. CRP: C-reactive protein; ASA: American Society of Anesthesiologists; M: Male; F: Female.