Association of metabolic syndromes and risk factors with ampullary tumors development: A case-control study in China

Table 2 Risk factors for ampullary cancer: Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis using the fisher exact test n (%)

	Controls	Cases	Univariate		Multivariate
			P value	OR (95%CI)	P value	OR (95%CI)
Age
< 50 yr	100 (16.1)	20 (16.1)	1 (reference)
≥ 50 yr	520 (83.9)	104 (83.9)	1	1.000 (0.592–1.689)
Gender
Female	259 (41.8)	52 (41.9)	1 (reference)
Male	361 (58.2)	72 (58.1)	1	1.000 (0.681–1.488)
Smoking
No	448 (72.3)	86 (69.4)	1 (reference)
Yes	172 (27.7)	38 (30.6)	0.513	1.151 (0.756-1.752)
Alcohol drinking
No	453 (73.1)	88 (70.9)	1 (reference)
Yes	167 (26.9)	36 (29.1)	0.659	1.110 (0.724-1.700)
HBV
HBsAg–/anti-HBc–	295 (47.6)	84 (67.7)	1 (reference)
HBsAg+/anti-HBc+	15 (2.4)	2 (1.6)	0.546	0.468 (0.105–2.088)
HBsAg–/anti-HBc+	310 (50.0)	38 (30.6)	0	0.430 (0.284–0.652)
Diabetes mellitus					0.021	4.75 (2.739-9.853)
No	550 (88.7)	99 (79.8)	1 (reference)
Yes	70 (11.3)	25 (20.2)	0.011	1.984 (1.198–3.285)
Hypertension
No	452 (72.9)	93 (75.0)	1 (reference)
Yes	168 (27.1)	31 (25.0)	0.659	0.897 (0.576–1.397)
Cholecystolithiasis					0	14.06 (6.82-28.986)
No	592 (95.5)	160 (76.2)	1 (reference)
Yes	28 (4.5)	50 (23.8)	0	12.469 (7.37–21.095)
Cholecystectomy
No	597 (96.3)	113 (91.1)	1 (reference)
Yes	23 (3.7)	11 (8.9)	0.018	2.527 (1.198–5.328)
Chronic pancreatitis					0.038	8.863 (1.132-69.388)
No	618 (99.7)	117 (94.4)	1 (reference)
Yes	2 (0.3)	7 (5.6)	0	18.487 (3.793–90.10)
TC (mmol/L)					0	5.303 (2.188-12.853)
< 5.70	536 (86.5)	73 (58.9)	1 (reference)
≥ 5.70	84 (13.5)	51 (41.1)	0	4.458 (2.914-6.821)
Tri (mmol/L)
< 1.7	415 (66.9)	63 (50.8)	1 (reference)
≥ 1.7	205 (30.1)	61 (49.2)	0.001	1.960 (1.327-2.894)
HDL (mmol/L)					0	4.053 (2.122-7.741)
< 0.93	522 (84.2)	52 (41.9)	1 (reference)
≥ 0.93	98 (15.8)	72 (58.1)	0	7.375 (4.861-11.19)
LDL (mmol/L)
< 3.63	520 (83.9)	75 (60.5)	1 (reference)
≥ 3.63	100 (16.1)	49 (39.5)	0	3.397 (2.235-5.165)
FBG (mmol/L)
< 6.1	512 (82.6)	82 (66.1)	1 (reference)
≥ 6.10	108 (17.4)	42 (33.9)	0	2.428 (1.586-3.717)
Apo a (g/L)					0	48.58 (19.126-123.393)
< 1	612 (98.7)	59 (47.6)	1 (reference)
≥ 1	8 (1.3)	65 (52.4)	0	84.280 (38.578-184.121)
Apo b (g/L)
< 1	463 (74.7)	66 (53.2)	1 (reference)
≥ 1	157 (25.3)	58 (46.8)	0	2.592 (1.743-3.853)
BMI (kg/m2)
< 25.0	364 (58.7)	67 (54.1)	1 (reference)
≥ 25.0	256 (41.3)	57 (45.9)	0.37	1.210 (0.821-1.782)

BMI: Body mass index; HDL: High-density lipoprotein; LDL: Low-density lipoprotein; Tri: Triglyceride; TC: Total cholesterol; FBG: Fasting blood glucose; HBV: Hepatitis B virus; HBsAg: Hepatitis B surface antigen.