Translational approaches: From fatty liver to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis

Figure 2 Extrahepatic factors involved in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. The affected organs and their response are represented in a dynamic circle; in the center are indicated the main factors that contribute to the initiation/perpetuation of the hepatic injury (insulin resistance and chronic inflammatory state). The light blue arrows represent the organ-specific effects of each response. TNF-α: Tumor necrosis factor-α; MCP-1: Monocyte chemotactic protein 1; IL-6: Interleukin-6; FFA: Free fatty acids; LPS: Lipopolysaccharides; TLR: Toll-like receptor; GIP: Glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide; GLP: Glucagon-like-peptide.