Intestinal microbiota in pathophysiology and management of irritable bowel syndrome

Table 1 Summary of studies of the intestinal microbiota in patients with irritable bowel syndrome

Ref.	Subject (n)	Method	Finding
Si et al[35]	IBS (25)	Culture	Decreased Bifidobacterium
	Control (25)		Increased Enterobacteriaceae
Malinen et al[36]	IBS (27)	qPCR	Decreased Lactobacillus in IBS-D
	Control (22)		Increased Veillonella in IBS-C
Mättö et al[37]	IBS (26)	Culture	Increased coliform and aerob to anaerob ratio
	Control (25)	PCR-DGGE	Temporal instability
Codling et al[38]	IBS (41)	PCR-DGGE	No difference in fecal/mucosal
	Control (33)		Temporal instability
Ponnusamy et al[39]	IBS (11)	DGGE	Increased diversity in Bacteroidetes, Lactobacillus
	Control (8)	qPCR-16sRNA
Tana et al[29]	IBS (26)	Culture	Increased Lactobacillus and Veillonella
	Control (26)	q-PCR
Lyra et al[40]	IBS (20)	qPCR	Increased Ruminococcus torques and decreased
	Control (15)		Clostridium thermosuccinogenes in IBS-D
Krogius-Kurikka et al[41]	IBS (10)	16S rRNA	Increased Proteobacteria and Firmicutes
	Control (23)	sequencing	Decreased Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes
Kerckhoffs et al[42]	IBS (41)	FISH	Decreased Bifidobacterium
	Control (26)	qPCR
Kassinen et al[43]	IBS (24)	16S rRNA	Decreased Collinsella aerofaciens, Clostridium cocleatum, and Coprococcus eutactus
	Control (23)	sequencing
Maukonen et al[44]	IBS (24)	PCR-DGGE	Decreased Clostridium coccoides
	Control (16)		Temporal instability
Jeffery et al[46]	IBS (37)	16S rRNA	Increased ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes
	Control (20)	pyrosequencing	Clustering in IBS

DGGE: Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis; FISH: Fluorescent in situ hybridization; IBS: Irritable bowel syndrome; qPCR: Quantitative polymerase chain reaction.