Gastroenteric tube feeding: Techniques, problems and solutions

Table 5 Patients at high risk of refeeding syndrome

Patients with anorexia

Patients with chronic alcoholism

Oncology patients

Postoperative patients

Elderly patients (comorbidities, decreased physiological reserves)

Patients with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (electrolyte depletion, diuresis)

Patients with chronic malnutrition:

Marasmus

Prolonged fasting or low energy diet

Morbid obesity with profound weight loss

High stress unfed for > 7 d

Malabsorptive syndromes (inflammatory bowel disease, cystic fibrosis, short bowel syndrome)

Adapted from reference[188].