c-Met signaling in the development of tumorigenesis and chemoresistance: Potential applications in pancreatic cancer

Table 3 Mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor inhibitors are shown with specific targets and evidence of anti-tumor effect

Drug	Target(s)	Impact
Cabozantinib	MET	Induced apoptosis in gemcitabine-resistant pancreatic cancer cell lines, currently in phase I clinical trials[101]
Crizotinib	ALK, MET	Inhibited growth of gemcitabine resistant pancreatic cancer cell lines[95], FDA approved for ALK-expressing NSCLC and myofibroblastic sarcomas
Foretinib	MET, VEGFR	Inhibited tumor growth in lung metastasis animal model but failed to show benefit in multiple phase II clinical trials[110,120,121]
Tivantinib	MET	Inhibited growth in multiple cancer cell lines via MET targeting as well as inhibition of microtubule formation[122]
E7050	MET, VEGFR	Inhibited growth in xenograft models of lung, gastric and pancreatic cancer[123]
PF-04217903	MET	Inhibited growth and metastasis of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors[124]
SU11274	MET	Inhibited growth and proliferation in colon cancer cell lines[125]
T-1840383	MET, VEGFR	Inhibited tumor growth in a variety of murine xenograft models[126]

MET: Mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor; ALK: Anaplastic lymphoma kinase; NSCLC: Non-small cell lung carcinoma; VEGFR: Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor.