Endoscopic ultrasound-guided treatments: Are we getting evidence based - a systematic review

Table 13 Endoscopic ultrasound-guided vascular interventions n (%)

Ref.	Design	Indications	Techniques	Technical success	Rebleeding	Complications
Fockens et al[229]	RS	Dieulafoy’s lesion (n = 4)	Polidocanol injection	4/4 (100)	2/4 (50)	None
Levy et al[234]	RS	Dieulafoy’s lesion (n = 1)	Alcohol 99% injection	1/1 (100)	No	None
Gonzalez et al[235]	RS	Dieulafoy’s lesion (n = 2)	Polidocanol	2/2 (100)	No	None
			or CYA injection
Levy et al[234]	RS	Various (n = 4)	Alcohol 99% or CYA injection	4/4 (100)	No	None
Gonzalez et al[235]	RS	Pseudo-aneurysm (n = 3)	CYA injection	3/3 (100)	No	None
Gonzalez et al[235]	RS	Gastric varices (n = 2)	CYA injection	2/2 (100)	No	None
Lee et al[231]	RS	Gastric varices (n = 101)	EUS-assisted CYA injection	-	Early 4/54 (7.4)	None
					Late 10/54 (18)
Lahoti et al[236]	RS	Esophageal varices (n = 5)	Sclerotherapy	5/5 (100)	No	1 esophageal stricture
Romero-Castro et al[237]	RS	Gastric varices (n = 5)	CYA injection	5/5 (100)	No	None
De Paulo et al[230]	RCT	Esophageal varices (n = 50)	Endo vs EUS-guided CYA injection	24/25 (96)	2/24 recurrence of varices (8.3)	None
Levy et al[238]	RS	Choledochojejunal anastomotic varices (n = 1)	Coil embolization	1/1 (100)	No	None
Romero-Castro et al[239]	RS	Gastric varices (n = 4)	Coil embolization	3/4 (75)	No	None
Binmoeller et al[233]	RS	Gastric varices (n = 30)	CYA injection + coil embolization	30/30 (100)	4/24 (16.6)	None
Romero-Castro et al[232]	RS	Gastric varices (n = 30)	CYA injection (n = 19) vs coils (n = 11)	97.4 % vs 90.9%	NR	9 CYA embolization;
						1 chest pain; 1 fever;
						1 variceal bleeding
Weilert et al[240]	RS	Rectal varices (n = 1)	CYA injection plus coils	100%	No	None
Gonzalez et al[241]	RS	Splenic artery aneurism (n = 1)	CYA injection	1/1 (100)	No	None
Roberts et al[242]	RS	Visceral pseudoaneurysm (n = 1)	HistoAcryl injection	1/1 (100)	No	None
Roach et al[243]	RS	SMA aneurysm (n = 1)	Thrombin injection	1/1 (100)	No	None
Chaves et al[244]	RS	SMA aneurysm (n = 1)	Thrombin injection	1/1 (100)	No	None
Robinson et al[245]	RS	Splenic artery aneurysm (n = 1)	Thrombin injection	1/1 (100)	No	None
Lameris et al[246]	RS	Visceral pseudoaneurysm (n = 1)	Thrombin + collagen injection	1/1 (100)	No	None

RCT: Randomized controlled trial; PS: Prospective study; RS: Retrospective study; NR: Not reported; CYA: Cyanoacrylate; SMA: Superior mesenteric artery.