Clinical differences between alcoholic liver disease and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Table 2 Rates of alcoholic liver disease and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease progression and the factors associated with susceptibility and progression

	ALD	NAFLD	Ref.
Rate of progression from simple hepatic steatosis to liver cirrhosis	1.0%-3.1% per year	0%-2.5% per year	[51-55]
Rate of progression from steatohepatitis to liver cirrhosis	3.2%-12.2% per year	1.3%-3.5% per year	[51-54]
Environmental factors associated with disease susceptibility	Increased alcohol intake	Increased calorie intake	[18,50,57]
	Daily heavy drinking, not episodic or binge drinking		[18,60]
		Fructose	[62]
Environmental factors associated with disease progression	Increased amount of alcohol intake	Higher intake of soft drinks and meats	[58,61]
	Spirits rather than beer or wine	Fructose	[59,62]
Host factors associated with disease susceptibility
Age	Older age		[65,66]
Gender	Female		[57]
Body mass index	Obesity	Obesity	[22,58,67]
Metabolic syndrome	Presence	Presence	[22,71,72]
Type 2 diabetes	Presence	Presence	[71,72]
Ethnicity	Hispanic, Black	Hispanic	[11,73,74]
Genetic variant	PNPLA3 rs738409 G	PNPLA3 rs738409 G	[80-84]
Host factors associated with disease progression
Age	Older age	Older age	[58,67,68]
Gender	Female	No difference	[52,55,58,67]
Body mass index	Obesity		[58,67]
Metabolic syndrome
Type 2 diabetes
Ethnicity
Genetic variant	PNPLA3 rs738409 G	PNPLA3 rs738409 G	[80-84]

ALD: Alcoholic liver disease; NAFLD: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.