DNA methylation, microRNAs, and their crosstalk as potential biomarkers in hepatocellular carcinoma

Table 2 MicroRNA genes targeted by DNA hypermethylation in hepatocellular carcinoma

MicroRNA	Validated gene targets in HCC	Biological functions	Ref.
miR-1	FoxP1, MET, HDAC4	Regulates cell growth, replication and clonogenic survival	[164-166]
miR-10a	HOXB3, HOXA3, HOXA1, HOXD10, USF2, HOXD4	Regulates embryonic development and cell differentiation	[167]
miR-124	CDK6, VIM, SMYD3, E2F6, IQGAP1	Regulates cell cycle progression (G1-S checkpoint), apoptosis, and metastasis	[166,168]
miR-1247	ADAM15, CIT, MMP24	Regulates cell proliferation and migration	[166]
miR-125b	PIGF, MMP2, MMP9, SIRT7, LIN28B	Regulates cell proliferation, anchorage-independent growth, cell migration, invasion, and angiogenesis	[169]
miR-129-2	SOX4, VCP, IκBα	Regulates apoptosis	[166,170]
miR-132	AKT1, CTNNB1, CCND1	Regulates cell proliferation	[171]
miR-203	ABCE1, CDK6	Regulates cell growth and cell cycle progression	[168]
miR-320	NRP1, CTNNB1	Regulates cell migration, proliferation, and metasatasis	[167]
miR-335	ROCK1, MAPK1, LRG1, MYCN	Regulates migration and cell proliferation	[172]
miR-596	LGALS3BP, FOXP1, IGF2BP2	Regulates cell growth and induces apoptosis	[166]
miR-663	JUNB, JUND,	Regulates cell proliferation	[165]
miR-9	MTHFD2, HOXD1, MMP14	Regulates cell proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and angiogenesis	[166]

HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma.