Protocol liver biopsy is the only examination that can detect mid-term graft fibrosis after pediatric liver transplantation

Table 1 Demographic characteristics of recipients and grafts undergoing protocol liver biopsy at two and five years after living donor liver transplantation

	PLB at two years after LDLT (n = 89)	PLB at five years after LDLT (n = 55)
Recipient characteristics at LDLT
Gender	Male 37, female 52	Male 20, female 35
Age (mo)	22 (0-234)	19 (7-198)
Body weight (kg)	10.7 (2.6-58.5)	9.7 (5.9-64.9)
Original disease	BA 63, OTCD 9, AS 4, FHF 4, CEPS 3, graft failure 2, WD 1, PSC 1, CPS1D 1, LC 1	BA 43, OTCD 3, AS 2, WD 2, FHF 1, HB 1, CF 1, CEPS 1, graft failure 1
PELD or MELD	7.4 (-9.7-39.4)	8.6 (-8.9-39.4)
Operation time	13 h 25 min (7 h 33 min-30 h 28 min)	17h 19 min (11 h 11 min-30 h 28 min)
Cold ischemic time	2 h 17 min (36 min-8 h 6 min)	2 h 06 min (25 min-16 h 19 min)
Warm ischemic time	45 min (30 min-2 h 2 min)	1 h 00 min (30 min-4 h 27 min)
Blood loss volume (mL/kg)	77.0 (3.1-585.1)	45.5 (6.7-776.2)
Transfusion volume (mL/kg)	91.3 (0.0-597.7)	68.1 (0.0-670.7)
Donor and graft characteristics at LDLT
Gender	Father; 45, mother; 44	Father; 30, mother; 25
Age (yr)	33 (23-57)	33 (23-53)
ABO compatibility	Identical; 55, compatible; 20, incompatible 14	Identical; 40, compatible; 8, incompatible 7
GV/SLV (%)	68.0 (33.0-120.9)	75.8 (35.7-121.2)
Graft type	Lateral segment; 57, left lobe; 23,	Lateral segment; 43, left lobe; 10,
	S2 monosegment; 5, left lobe + caudate; 4	left lobe + caudate; 2
Recipient and graft characteristics at PLB
Age (mo)	48 (24-259)	81 (68-257)
Body weight (kg)	15.6 (7.3-64.6)	21.4 (14.4-71.6)
Total bilirubin (mg/dL)	0.63 (0.25-3.25)	0.68 (0.26-2.55)
AST (IU/L)	30 (14-61)	27 (10-251)
ALT (IU/L)	17 (9-54)	17 (8-260)
γ-GTP (IU/L)	17 (6-440)	16 (9-510)
Hyaluronic acid (ng/mL)	21 (9-239)	17 (9-216)
IgG (mg/dL)	927 (440-2063)	1148 (475-2961)
GV/SLV (%)	90.6 (70.2-126.9)	93.0 (58.8-157.0)
Spleen volume (mL)	125 (0-892)	145 (0-692)
Trough of tacrolimus (ng/mL)	3.4 (0-10.1)	2.3 (0-15.5)

PLB: Protocol liver biopsy; LDLT: Living donor liver transplantation; BA: Biliary atresia; OTCD: Ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency; AD: Alagille syndrome; FHF: Fulminant hepatic failure; CEPS: Congenital extrahepatic portsystemic shunt; WD: Wilson disease; PSC: Primary sclerosing cholangitis; CPS1D: Carbamoyl-phosphate synthase 1 deficiency; LC: Liver cirrhosis; HB: Hepatoblastoma; CF: Cystic fibrosis; PELD: Pediatric end-stage liver disease; MELD: Model for end-stage liver disease; GV/SLV: Ratio of graft volume to standard liver volume; AST: Aspartate amino transferase; ALT: Alanine amino transferase; IgG: Immunoglobulin G.