Conventional endoscopic features are not sufficient to differentiate small, early colorectal cancer

Table 2 Baseline characteristics and endoscopic findings according to the depth of invasion n (%)

	Deep submucosal cancer (n = 25)	Superficial tumors (n = 191)	P value
Age (mean ± SD, yr)	58.4 ± 8.5	61.0 ± 9.4	0.191
Sex			0.179
Male	13 (52.0)	128 (67.0)
Female	12 (48.0)	63 (33.0)
Size (mm)	16.88 ± 3.28	12.25 ± 4.93	< 0.001
Shape
Sessile	8 (32.0)	106 (55.5)	0.005
Pedunculated	5 (20.0)	48 (25.1)
Superfical (Flat)	12 (48.0)	37 (19.4)
Location			1.000
Right colon	8 (32.0)	57 (29.8)
Left colon	17 (68.0)	134 (70.2)
Endoscopic finding
Morphological features
Any of them	22 (88.0)	59 (30.9)	< 0.001
None of them	3 (12.0)	132 (69.1)
(P, S) Loss of lobulation	3/13 (23.1)	27/154 (17.5)	0.705
(P, S) Excavation	0/13 (0.0)	3/154 (1.9)	1.000
(All) Demarcated depressed area	13/25 (52.0)	30/191 (15.7)	< 0.001
(P) Stalk swelling	5/5 (100.0)	2/48 (4.2)	< 0.001
(F) Fullness	3/12 (25.0)	0/37 (0.0)	0.001
(F) Fold convergency	1/12 (8.3)	0/37 (0.0)	0.310
(All) Ulcer bleeding	1/24 (4.0)	2/189 (1.0)	0.245
Pit pattern			< 0.001
Non-invasive	1 (4.0)	154 (80.6)	< 0.001
Invasive	24 (96.0)	37 (19.4)
Non-lifting sign			< 0.001
Positive	17 (85.0)	22 (28.6)
Negative	3 (15.0)	55 (71.4)

Superficial tumors: Superficial submucosal cancer and adenoma; P: Pedunculated type; S: Sessile type; F: Flat/depressed type.