Venous thrombosis and prothrombotic factors in inflammatory bowel disease

Table 3 Controlled studies on the prevalence of inherited thrombophilias in inflammatory bowel disease

Ref.	Compared groups	Results
		Mutation1	CD	UC	IBD	IBD-VTE	HC	C-VTE	Significance
Liebman et al[101], 1998 United States	11 IBD-VTE patients and 51 IBD patients without VTE	Factor V Leiden			4%	36%			Significant difference (OR = 14.00, 95%CI: 1.55-169.25)
Over et al[107], 1998 Turkey	63 IBD patients (20 CD and 43 UC patients) and 36 HC	Factor V Leiden	50%	20%			11%		Significant difference for CD vs HC (OR = 6.5, 95%CI: 1.3-18.0)
Haslam et al[112], 1999 United Kingdom	54 IBD patients (30 CD and 24 UC patients) and 55 HC	Factor V Leiden			9.3%		3.6%		Difference not significant
Heliö et al[111], 1999 Finland	563 IBD patients (235 CD and 328 UC patients) and 142 HC	Factor V Leiden	3.4%	5.2%	4.5%		2.1%		Differences not significant
		Factor XIII mutation	5.0%	6.1%	5.7%		3.3%		Differences not significant
Grip et al[6], 2000 Sweden	16 IBD-VTE patients, 99 C-VTE and 288 HC	Factor V Leiden				27%	11%	28%	Significant difference for IBD-VTE vs HC (OR = 3.0, 95%CI: 0.8-11.9)
		Prothrombin mutation				0%	1.8%	7.10%	Differences not significant
Koutroubakis et al[61], 2000 Greece	84 IBD patients (36 CD and 48 UC patients) and 61 HC	Factor V Leiden			8.3%		4.9%		Difference not significant
Papa et al[113], 2000 Italy	52 IBD patients (19 CD and 33 UC patients) and 156 HC	Factor V Leiden			1.9%		1.9%		Difference not significant
		Prothrombin mutation			1.9%		2.6%		Difference not significant
Vecchi et al[110], 2000 Italy	102 IBD (51 CD and 51 UC patients) and 204 HC	Factor V Leiden			1.5%		1.2%		Difference not significant
		Prothrombin mutation			1.1%		0.7%		Difference not significant
		MTHFR mutation			41.1%		47.4%		Difference not significant
Guédon et al[102], 2001 France	15 IBD-VTE, 58 IBD patients without VTE, 110 C- VTE and 84 HC	Factor V Leiden			0%	14.3%	3.6%	15.50%	Significant difference for IBD-VTE vs IBD (P < 0.05)
		Prothrombin mutation			1.7%	14.3%	3.6%	11.80%	Differences not significant
		MTHFR mutation			0%	0%	1.2%	0.90%	Differences not significant
Mózsik et al[106], 2001 Hungary	84 IBD patients (49 CD and 35 UC patients) and 57 HC	Factor V Leiden	14.3%	27.5%			5.3%		Significant difference for CD and UC vs HC (P < 0.05)
Nagy et al[108], 2001 Hungary	78 IBD patients (49 CD and 29 UC patients) and 57 HC	Factor V Leiden	14.3%	27.6%			5.3%		Significant difference for CD and UC vs HC (P < 0.05)
Turri et al[103], 2001 Italy	18 IBD patients with arterial or venous thrombosis, 45 IBD patients without thromboembolic events and 100 HC	Factor V Leiden			2.2%	0%	5%		Differences not significant
		Prothrombin mutation			0%	0%	2%		Differences not significant
Bjerregaard et al[120], 2002 Denmark	106 IBD patients and 4188 HC	Factor V Leiden			5.7%		6.7%		Difference not significant
		Prothrombin mutation							Difference not significant
Magro et al[119], 2003 Portugal	116 IBD patients (74 CD and 42 UC) and 141 healthy controls	Factor V Leiden	7%	2%			1%		Differences not significant
		G20210A Prothrombin	4%	0%			3%		Differences not significant
		MTHFR mutation	14%	12%			10%		Differences not significant
		PAI-1 mutation	11%	14%			24%		Differences not significant
Saibeni et al[121], 2003 Italy	152 IBD patients (62 CD and 90 UC patients) and 130 HC	Factor XIII mutation			5.3%		5.4%		Difference not significant
Törüner et al[118], 2004 Turkey	62 IBD patients (28 CD and 32 UC patients) and 80 HC	Factor V Leiden			3.2%		6.3%		Difference not significant
		Prothrombin mutation			0%		2.5%		Difference not significant
		MTHFR mutation			11.3%		6.3%		Difference not significant
Mahmood et al[117], 2005 United Kingdom	68 IBD patients (31 CD and 37 UC patients) and 30 HC	Factor V Leiden	0%	1.5%	1.5%		0%		Differences not significant
		Prothrombin mutation	0%	1.5%	1.5%		0%		Differences not significant
Oldenburg et al[98], 2005 Netherlands	22 IBD-VTE patients and 23 IBD patients without VTE	Factor V Leiden			0%	20%			Difference not significant
		Prothrombin mutation			8.7%	4.5%			Difference not significant
Spina et al[105], 2005 Italy	47 IBD-VTE patients and 94 C-VTE	Factor V Leiden				2.1%		13.8%	Significant difference for C-VTE vs IBD-VTE (P < 0.05)
		Prothrombin mutation				8.5%		12.8%	Difference not significant
Yilmaz et al[116], 2006 Turkey	27 IBD patients and 27 HC	Factor V Leiden			6.7%		5%		Difference not significant
		Prothrombin mutation			3.3%		6.7%		Difference not significant
		Factor XIII mutation			5%		0%		Difference not significant
		MTHFR mutation			3.3%		0%		Difference not significant
		PAI-1 mutation			11.7%		8.3%		Difference not significant
Bernstein et al[109], 2007 Canada	492 IBD patients (327 CD and 165 UC) and 412 HC	Factor V Leiden	6.4%	4.2%			6.1%		Differences not significant
		Prothrombin mutation	1.8%	1.2%			1.2%		Differences not significant
		Factor XIII mutation	8.7%	7.1%			4.3%		Significant difference for CD vs HC (P < 0.05)
		MTHFR mutation	12.5%	9.9%			11.7%		Differences not significant
Koutroubakis et al[104], 2007 Greece	30 IBD patients with vascular complications, 60 IBD patients without vascular complications, 30 controls with vascular complications and 54 HC	Factor V Leiden			6.7%	20.0%	3.7%	16.7%	Significant difference for IBD-VTE vs HC (P < 0.05)
		Prothrombin mutation			5.0%	10.0%	1.9%	13.3%	Differences not significant
		Factor XIII mutation			3.3%	0%	1.90%	0%	Differences not significant
		MTHFR mutation			11.6%	6.6%	7.5%	13.3%	Differences not significant
		PAI-1 mutation			20%		13.0%		Significant difference for IBD-VTE vs HC (P < 0.05)
Yasa et al[115], 2007 Turkey	27 IBD patients and 47 HC	Factor V Leiden			11.1%	43.3%	4.3%	36.7%	Difference not significant
		Prothrombin mutation			7.4%		0%		Difference not significant
		MTHFR mutation			14.9%		6.3%		Difference not significant
Maher et al[114], 2010 Saudi Arabia	26 IBD patients (7 CD and 19 UC patients) and 40 HC	Factor V Leiden			3.8%		2.5%		Difference not significant
Novacek et al[16], 2010 Austria	102 IBD patients (77 CD and 25 UC) and 102 HC	Factor V Leiden			16.1%		26.1%		Difference not significant
		Prothrombin mutation			1.7%		6%		Difference not significant

VTE: Venous thrombosis; CD: Crohn’s disease; UC: Ulcerative colitis; IBD: Inflammatory bowel disease; IBD-VTE: Inflammatory bowel disease with venous thrombosis; HC: Healthy controls; C-VTE: Controls with venous thrombosis; OR: Odds ratio.

¹Presented prevalence data refer to heterozygous and homozygous carrier for FV Leiden and prothrombin mutation and to homozygous carrier for the other mutations.