Gastric cancer research in Mexico: A public health priority

Table 5 Studies of molecular markers for the development of gastric cancer and gastric cancer in a Mexican population

Ref.	Year	Institute of adscription of corresponding author-city	Main finding	Quantity and type of groups studied
[67]	2013	UG Guadalajara, Jalisco	EGFR-R521K and ERBB2-1655V polymorphisms are not suitable as markers for identifying individuals at risk of developing gastric cancer	155 gastric cancer 121 controls 103 general population
[62]	2013	INCMSZ Mexico City	HER2 amplification is restricted to intestinal gastric cancer. HER2 amplification is suitable as a marker for screening gastric cancer histotype	269 gastric cancer
[59]	2010	UV Xalapa, Veracruz	MMP9 expression is enhanced in gastric cancer compared to normal mucosa, and has potential as a molecular marker	6 gastric cancer 11 superficial gastritis
[68]	2010	UNAM Mexico City	Claudin 6, 7, and 9 expression is related to gastric carcinogenesis, and detection of these is a useful prognostic marker in intestinal and diffuse gastric cancer	70 gastric cancer
[60]	2010	IMSS Mexico City	Polymorphisms in TNF and HSP70 have a severity dose-response as risk markers from preneoplastic lesions to gastric cancer, probably because of their association with an intense and sustained inflammatory response	228 non atrophic gastritis 98 intestinal metaplasia 63 gastric cancer 58 duodenal ulcer 132 controls
[63]	2009	INSP Cuernavaca, Morelos	In subjects with high consumption of folate, choline and vitamin B6, and 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) 677 TT genotype, there is a reduction in diffuse gastric risk compared to MTHFR 677 CC + CT carriers. In subjects with low consumption of methionine and MTHFR 677 TT genotype, there is a reduced risk of diffuse gastric cancer compared to MTHFR 677 CC + CT carriers. Carriers of the MTHFR 677 TT genotype with a low consumption of folate have a significantly increased risk of development of intestinal gastric cancer	248 gastric cancer 478 controls
[69]	2007	UANL Monterrey, Nuevo Leon	There is no association between the MTHFR C677T polymorphism and development of gastric cancer	51 gastric cancer 83 controls
[57]	2007	INCMSZ Mexico City	The -160 C/A polymorphism of E-cadherin has a direct effect on the risk of diffuse gastric cancer at a young age	39 gastric cancer younger than 45 years of age 78 controls
[61]	2007	UANL Monterrey, Nuevo Leon	The IL-8-251*A allele could be related to the development of gastric cancer	78 gastric cancer 259 controls
[70]	2006	INSP Cuernavaca, Morelos	High prevalence of MTHFR 677T allele may be a contributor to the high rate of morbidity and mortality in gastric cancer	201 gastric cancer 427 controls
[71]	2006	LSU1 New Orleans, United States	Identification of the IL-1B-31 promoter polymorphism is a useful marker for the risk of intestinal type gastric cancer in subjects with CagA+H. pylori infection	183 gastric cancer 377 controls
[58]	2005	NYU2 New York, United States	Carrying the Arg/Arg genotype in the codon 72 exon 4 of p53 is associated with risk of development of gastric cancer	65 gastric cancer 182 controls
[72]	2005	UANL Monterrey, Nuevo Leon	Carrying the proinflammatory IL-1B-31*C allele is associated with increased risk of gastric cancer	63 gastric cancer 215 controls
[73]	2004	INCan Mexico City	There is an association of major histocompatibility complex HLA-DQA1*0601 and HLA-DQB1*0501 alleles in gastric cancer compared to chronic gastritis and the healthy condition. These HLA-DQ alleles may be conferring susceptibility for the development of gastric cancer	20 gastric cancer 40 H. pylori-associated chronic gastritis 90 controls
[74]	2003	UANL Monterrey, Nuevo Leon	Carrying the pro-inflammatory IL-1B-31*C allele is associated with an increased risk of gastric cancer and high-grade dysplasia	33 gastric cancer 8 high-grade dysplasia 25 controls

¹In collaboration with INSP; 2In collaboration with UANL. H. pylori: Helicobacter pylori; UG: University of Guadalajara/Universidad de Guadalajara; INCMNSZ: National Institute of Medical Science and Nutrition Salvador Zubiran/Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán; UV: University of Veracruz/Universidad Veracruzana; UNAM: National Autonomous University of Mexico/Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; IMSS: Mexican Institute of Social Security/Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social; INSP: National Institute of Public Health/Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública; UANL: Autonomous University of Nuevo leon/Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León; LSU: Louisiana State University; NYU: New York University; INCan: National Institute of Cancerology/Instituto Nacional de Cancerología.