Natural history of hepatic metastases from colorectal cancer - pathobiological pathways with clinical significance

Figure 3 Various cellular types[22,23,112]. Various cellular types (resident: fibroblasts, endothelial cells and neurons, or recruited: macrophages, neutrophils and lymphocytes) which mediate cancer progression and growth in the colorectal microenvironment. bFGF: Basic fibroblast growth factor; CAF: Cancer associated fibroblasts; ECM: Extracellular matrix; EGF: Epidermal growth factor; EMT: Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition; HGF: Hepatocyte growth factor; IDO: Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase; IGF: Insulin growth factor; IL-10: Interleukin 10; MMP: Matrix metalloprotease; NO: Nitric oxide; OPN: Osteopontin; PDGF-β: Platelet-derived growth factor-beta; PGE2: Prostaglandin E2; SDF-1: Stromal cell-derived factor-1; TAM: Tumor-associated macrophages; TGF-β: Transforming growth factor-beta; TNF-α: Tumour necrosis factor-alpha; VEGF: Vascular endothelial growth factor.