Natural history of hepatic metastases from colorectal cancer - pathobiological pathways with clinical significance

Table 1 Molecules produced by Kupffer cells that may mediate their interactions with metastasising colorectal cancer cells within the hepatic sinusoids[126,127]

Group	Molecules
Cytokines and chemokines	Tumour necrosis factor alpha
	Transforming growth factor beta
	Interleukins (IL-1α, -1β, -6, -8, -10, -12 and -18)
	Interferon gamma
	Platelet-activating factor
	Monocyte chemotactic protein-1
	Macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP-1)
Hydrolytic and	Urokinase-type plasminogen activator
proteolytic enzymes	Metalloproteinases (MMP-1, -7 and -13)
Lipid metabolites	Prostaglandin E2
(prostanoids)	Thromboxane
Oxygen species (superoxide) and hydrogen peroxide
Nitrogen species (nitric oxide)