Prognostic biomarkers for prediction of recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma: Current status and future prospects

Table 2 miRNA for prediction of recurrence in hepatocellular carcinoma

Ref.	Sample type	Screening platform	Virus type	Characteristics for distinguishing groups	Number of candidate miRNA	Predictive accuracy for recurrence
Fornari et al[53] (2009)	Tumour and non-tumour tissues	qRT-PCR	HBV < HCV	miR-122 levels	1 (miR-122)	P = 0.05 for 45 independent patients (Recurrence rate)
Fornari et al[54] (2010)	Tumour and non-tumour tissues	qRT-PCR	HBV < HCV	Late recurrence beyond two years after surgery	1 (miR-199a-3p)	P = 0.043 for 36 independent patients (Recurrence rate)
Augello et al[47] (2012)	FFPE tumour tissues	qRT-PCR	All HCV	Stages of HCC progression	18	P = 0.042 for 61 independent patients (Percent Recurrence)
Han et al[52] (2012)	FFPE tumour tissues	qRT-PCR	Mostly HBV	Recurrence after OLT	1 (miR-155)	P < 0.001 for 100 training patients (RFS)
Huang et al[51] (2012)	Non-tumour tissues	qRT-PCR	HBV > HCV	Early IHR within 6 mo after surgery	6	P < 0.001 for 216 independent patients
Shih et al[48] (2012)	Tumour and non-tumour tissues	qRT-PCR	Not mentioned	HCC and non-tumour	15	P = 0.005 for 68 training samples and 13 independent samples (RFS)
Xia et al[50] (2012)	Tumour and non-tumour tissues	qRT-PCR	Mostly HBV	early IHR within 2 years after surgery	1 (miR-214)	P = 0.009 for 50 independent patients (RFS)
Zhu et al[49] (2012)	FFPE tumour and non-tumour tissues	qRT-PCR	All HBV	Early IHR after surgery	1 (miR-29a-5p)	AUC = 0.708 for 112 independent patients

OLT: Orthotopic liver transplantation; IHR: Intrahepatic recurrence; RFS: Recurrence free survival; AUC: Area under curve; HCV: Hepatitis C virus; HBV: Hepatitis B virus; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; qRT-PCR: Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.