Autoantibodies in primary biliary cirrhosis: Recent progress in research on the pathogenetic and clinical significance

Table 1 Serum autoantibodies in primary biliary cirrhosis

Autoantibody	Prevalence	Comments	Ref.
Related to the diagnosis and prognosis of PBC
AMA	90%-95%	Diagnostic value	[1]
Anti-sp100	30%-50%	Diagnostic value	[13,43-46]
Anti-gp210	30%-50%	Possible prognostic value (hepatic failure)	[6,31,36-42]
Anticentromere antibodies	16%-30%	Possible prognostic value(portal hypertension)	[6,30-35]
Anti-p97/VCP	12.5%	Possible prognostic value (favorable)	[48-50]
Anti-EPO	52.5%	Diagnostic valueLess peripheral eosinophils	[51]
Anti-β2GPI	2%-15%	Possible prognostic Value (poor)	[52,53]
Related to the pathogenesis of PBC
ASCA	24.2%	Enhanced mucosal immunity	[54-56]
Anti-ClpP	30%-47%	Infectious factor	[57,58]
Anti-β-subunit of bacterial RNA polymerase	32.8%	Bacterial triggers	[59]
Related to other autoimmune diseases
Anti-SMA	8.0%-25.0%	PBC-AIH overlap	[6,40,60]
Anti-dsDNA	17.0%-22.0%	PBC-AIH overlap	[39,61,62]
Anti-SSA	5.0%-33.0%	Sjogren syndrome	[63,64]
Anti-CCP	2.7%-4.0%	Rheumatoid Arthritis	[65-67]

PBC: Primary biliary cirrhosis; CCP: Cyclic cirtullinated peptide; SMA: Smooth muscle antigen; ClpP: Caseinolytic protease P; ASCA: Anti-saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies; EPO: Eosinophil peroxidase; β2GPI: β(2)-glycoprotein I; VCP: Valosin containing protein; AMA: Antimitochondrial antibodies.