Endoscopic diagnosis of cervical esophageal heterotopic gastric mucosa with conventional and narrow-band images

Table 3 Clinicopathological and endoscopic characteristics of cervical esophageal heterotopic gastric mucosa in the 2 study arms n (%)

	HGM in NBI (n = 63)	HGM in CI (n = 36)	P value
Clinical characteristics			0.65
HGM type I	47 (75)	30 (83)
HGM type II	15 (24)	6 (17)
HGM type III	1 (1.6)	0 (0)
Number of cervical HGM			0.25
Single	43 (68)	28 (78)
Two	12 (19)	7 (19)
Three or more	7 (11.1)	1 (2.8)
Circumferential	1 (1.6)	0 (0)
Smallest size of cervical HGM1			< 0.0001
0-5 mm	34 (55)	6 (17)
6-10 mm	24 (39)	19 (53)
> 1 cm	4 (6.5)	11 (30)
Biopsy of cervical HGM	34 (54)	22 (61)
Fundic type gastric mucosa	22 (65)	15 (68)
Antral type gastric mucosa	12 (35)	7 (32)
Intestinal metaplasia	0	0
Presence of H. pylori	2 (5.9)	1 (4.6)
Associated with GERD	30 (48)	16 (44)	0.84
Erosive esophagitis	17 (27)	10 (28)	0.65
Barrett’s esophagus	0 (0)	1 (2.8)	0.37
Associated with hiatus hernia	4 (6.4)	3 (8.3)	0.70
Associated with peptic ulcers	16 (25)	11 (31)	0.64

¹Patients with circumferential lesion were excluded from the calculations. CI: Conventional imaging; NBI: Narrow-band imaging; HGM: Heterotopic gastric mucosa; EGD: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy; GERD: Gastroesophageal reflux disease; H. pylori: Helicobacter pylori.