Middle segmental pancreatectomy: A safe and organ-preserving option for benign and low-grade malignant lesions

Table 2 Perioperative outcomes for middle segmental pancreatectomy, pancreaticoduodenectomy and extended distal pancreatectomy n (%)

Variable	PD (n = 44)	MSP (n = 36)	EDP (n = 26)	P value
				PD vs MSP	MSP vs EDP
Operation time (min)	333.5 ± 97	222.1 ± 62.1	202.0 ± 60.7	< 0.001	> 0.05
IPH (mL)	852.2 ± 877.8	316.1 ± 309.6	526.9 ± 414.5	< 0.001	0.025
PT (d)	31 ± 29	29 ± 23	22 ± 10	NS	> 0.05
Reoperation	2 (4.5)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	NS
DGR (d)	5.5 ± 2.1	4.4 ± 2.0	3.2 ± 1.5	0.031	0.008
Bleeding	2 (4.5)	1 (2.8)	1 (3.8)	NS	NS
Intra-abdominal infection	4 (9.1)	1 (2.8)	1 (3.8)	NS	NS
Pancreatic fistula	9 (20.5)	15 (42)	8 (31)	0.039	NS
Nutritional status
Change in TP (%)	-0.5 ± 14.3	3.1 ± 12.4	-6.6 ± 9.5	NS	0.002
Change in Alb (%)	-3.6 ± 15.6	0.8 ± 14.3	-8.2 ± 14.7	NS	0.019
Change in Hb (%)	-13.3 ± 12.6	-11.9 ± 13.2	-14.3 ± 8.0	NS	NS
Mean blood glucose (mmol/L)
Preoperative	5.0 ± 1.1	4.9 ± 0.6	5.2 ± 1.6	NS	NS
Postoperative	6.7 ± 1.8	6.3 ± 1.5	7.3 ± 1.5	NS	0.013

IPH: Intraoperative hemorrhage; PT: Postoperative time; DGR: Duration of gastrointestinal recovery; TP: Total protein; Alb: Albumin; Hb: Hemoglobin; MSP: Middle segmental pancreatectomy; PD: Pancreaticoduodenectomy; EPD: Extended distal pancreatectomy; NS: Not significant.