Preoperative biliary drainage in patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma undergoing major hepatectomy

Table 3 The risk factors for postoperative complications n (%)

Variable	n	Incidence of complications	Univariate	Multivariate
			P value	OR	P value
Age (yr)
> 60	38	21 (55.3)	0.842
≤ 60	40	23 (57.5)
Sex
Male	49	25 (51)	0.212
Female	29	19 (65.5)
PBD
Yes	32	17 (53.1)	0.626
No	46	27 (58.7)
Concomitant diseases
Yes	20	14 (70)	0.155
No	58	30 (51.7)
Previous abdominal surgery
Yes	21	11 (52.4)	0.663
No	57	33 (57.9)
Preoperative TBIL
> 170 μmol/L	48	32 (66.7)	0.021	13.690 (1.275-147.028)	0.031
≤ 170 μmol/L	30	12 (40)
Preoperative AST
> 100 U/L	47	31 (66)	0.036	1.138 (0.157-8.225)	0.898
≤ 100 U/L	31	13 (41.9)
Preoperative ALT
> 100 U/L	44	29 (65.9)	0.054	5.664 (0.595-53.905)	0.131
≤ 100 U/L	34	15 (44.1)
Preoperative ALB
> 35	41	26 (63.4)	0.189
≤ 35	37	18 (48.6)
Bismuth–Corlette stage
I and II	24	9 (37.5)	0.025	0.013 (0.001-0.166)	0.001
III and IV	54	35 (64.8)
Extended liver resection
Yes	12	11 (91.7)	0.018	14.010 (1.130-173.646)	0.04
No	66	33 (50)
Caudate lobectomy
Yes	20	12 (60)	0.707
No	58	32 (55.2)
Pedicle clamping
Yes	43	22 (51.2)	0.300
No	35	22 (62.9)
Vascular resections
Yes	19	13 (68.4)	0.225
No	59	31 (52.5)
Additional surgery
Yes	6	3 (50)	0.742
No	72	41 (56.9)
Intraoperative blood transfusion
Yes	35	19 (54.3)	0.644
No	43	25 (59.5)

TBIL: Total bilirubin; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; ALB: Albumin; PBD: Preoperative biliary drainage.