Non-coding RNAs in hepatitis C-induced hepatocellular carcinoma: Dysregulation and implications for early detection, diagnosis and therapy

Table 2 Summary of microRNAs down-regulated in hepatitis C virus-induced hepatocellular carcinoma

ncRNAs	Chromosomal location	Differential expression level	Clinical relevance	References
Liver miRNAs
miR-199a-5p	19q13.3	7.2-fold, HCV-associated HCC (n = 9) vs normal livers (n = 12) and other liver diseases [HCV-associated cirrhosis (n = 10), HBV-associated accurate liver failure (n = 4)], P < 0.05	Potential therapeutic target molecule to prevent HCV-induced HCC	[32]
miR-199a-3p	19q13.3	6.9-fold, HCV-associated HCC (n = 9) vs normal livers (n = 12) and other liver diseases [HCV-associated cirrhosis (n = 10), HBV-associated accurate liver failure (n = 4)], P < 0.05	Potential therapeutic target molecule to prevent HCV-induced HCC	[32]
miR-199b-3p	19q13.3	6.2-fold, HCV-associated HCC (n = 9) vs normal livers (n = 12) and other liver diseases [HCV-associated cirrhosis (n = 10), HBV-associated accurate liver failure (n = 4)], P < 0.05	Potential therapeutic target molecule to prevent HCV-induced HCC	[32]
miR-214	1q24.3	5.5-fold, HCV-associated HCC (n = 9) vs normal livers (n = 12) and other liver diseases [HCV-associated cirrhosis (n = 10), HBV-associated accurate liver failure (n = 4)], P < 0.05	Potential therapeutic target molecule to prevent HCV-induced HCC	[32]
miR-198	19p13.3	Approximately 5-fold, HCV-associated HCC (n = 43) vs normal livers (n = 3), P < 0.01; HCV-associated Dysplastic nodules (n = 9) vs normal livers (n = 3), P < 0.01	Potential therapeutic target molecule to prevent HCV-induced HCC	[30]
miR-139-3p	11q13.4	4.6-fold, HCV-associated HCC (n = 9) vs normal livers (n = 12) and other liver diseases [HCV-associated cirrhosis (n = 10), HBV-associated accurate liver failure (n = 4)], P < 0.05	Potential therapeutic target molecule to prevent HCV-induced HCC	[32]
miR-139-5p	11q13.4	4.4-fold, HCV-associated HCC (n = 9) vs normal livers (n = 12) and other liver diseases [HCV-associated cirrhosis (n = 10), HBV-associated accurate liver failure (n = 4)], P < 0.05	Potential therapeutic target molecule to prevent HCV-induced HCC	[32]
miR-424-3p	Xq26.3	3.9-fold, HCV-associated HCC (n = 9) vs normal livers (n = 12) and other liver diseases [HCV-associated cirrhosis (n = 10), HBV-associated accurate liver failure (n = 4)], P < 0.05	Potential therapeutic target molecule to prevent HCV-induced HCC	[32]
miR-125a-5p	19q13	3.7-fold, HCV-associated HCC (n = 9) vs normal livers (n = 12) and other liver diseases [HCV-associated cirrhosis (n = 10), HBV-associated accurate liver failure (n = 4)], P < 0.05	Potential therapeutic target molecule to prevent HCV-induced HCC	[32]
miR-130a	11q12.1	2.9-fold, HCV-associated HCC (n = 9) vs normal livers (n = 12) and other liver diseases [HCV-associated cirrhosis (n = 10), HBV-associated accurate liver failure (n = 4)], P < 0.05	Potential therapeutic target molecule to prevent HCV-induced HCC	[32]
miR-145	5q32	> 2-fold; HCV-associated HCC (n = 43) vs normal livers (n = 3); HCV associated dysplastic nodules (n = 9) vs normal livers (n = 3)	Potential therapeutic target molecule to prevent HCV-induced HCC	[30]
Urinary miRNAs
miR-516-5p	19q13.42	> 3-fold, HCV-associated HCC (n = 32) vs normal urine samples (n = 12), P < 0.05	Potential marker for early diagnosis of HCC among high-risk HCV patients	[33]
miR-650	22q11.22	> 3-fold, HCV-associated HCC (n = 32) vs normal urine samples (n = 12), P < 0.05	Potential marker for early diagnosis of HCC among high-risk HCV patients	[33]

HCV: Hepatitis C virus; HBV: Hepatitis B virus; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; miRNAs: MicroRNAs; ncRNAs: Non-coding RNAs.