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©2013 Baishideng Publishing Group Co.
World J Gastroenterol. Nov 21, 2013; 19(43): 7661-7670
Published online Nov 21, 2013. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v19.i43.7661
Published online Nov 21, 2013. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v19.i43.7661
Table 1 Etiology of secondary sclerosing cholangitis
Congenital | Caroli’s disease |
Cystic fibrosis | |
Chronic obstruction | Choledocholithiasis |
Biliary stricutures (secondary to surgical trauma, choronic pancreatitis) | |
Anastomotic stricutures in liver graft | |
Neoplasms (benign, malignant, metastatic) | |
Infectious | Bacterial cholangitis |
Recurrent pyogenic cholangitis | |
Parasitic infection (cryptosporidiosis, microsporidiosis) | |
Cytomegalovirus infection | |
Toxic | Accidental alcohol, formaldehyde, hypertonic saline instillation in the bile ducts |
Immunologic | Eosinophilic cholangitis |
Acquired immunodeficiency | |
Ischemic | Vascular trauma |
Post-traumatic sclerosing cholangitis | |
Post-transplantation hepatic artery thrombosis | |
Hepatic allograft rejection (acute, chronic) | |
Intra-arterial, chemotherapy-related injury | |
Transcatheter arterial embolization therapy | |
Infiltrative disorders | Systemic vasculitis |
Amyloidosis | |
Radiation injury | |
Sarcoidosis | |
Systemic mastocytosis | |
Hypereosinophilic syndrome | |
Hodgkin’s disease |
- Citation: Nakazawa T, Naitoh I, Hayashi K, Miyabe K, Simizu S, Joh T. Diagnosis of IgG4-related sclerosing cholangitis. World J Gastroenterol 2013; 19(43): 7661-7670
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v19/i43/7661.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v19.i43.7661