Complications and survival in patients undergoing colonic stenting for malignant obstruction

Table 1 Description of the study population

Variable	Mean	95%CI
Age (yr)	67.41	63.50-71.33
Male	55.71%	43.78%-67.64%
Female	44.29%	32.36%-56.22%
Hemoglobin	103	92-114
Platelets	273	238-308
Creatinine	92	76-109
Urea	6.76	4.85-8.67
ALT	37	30-44
AST	37	24-51
ALP	192	106-277
Albumin	30	29-32
Total bilirubin	17	8-26
INR	1.4	1.2-1.6
CEA	90	33-148
Indication
Palliation of colonic tumors	57.14%	34.06%-80.23%
Complete intestinal obstruction	38.10%	15.44%-60.75%
Extracolonic tumor causing obstruction	4.76%	0.01%-14.70%
Location of the obstruction
Ascending colon	1.45%	0.01%-4.34%
Transverse colon	4.35%	0.01%-9.28%
Splenic flexure	8.70%	1.88%-15.51%
Descending colon	7.25%	0.97%-13.52%
Sigmoid colon	69.57%	58.44%-80.70%
Rectum	8.70%	1.88%-15.51%
Length of stricture (cm)	5.16	4.52-5.82
Stage of the tumor
Stage III	36.17%	21.91%-50.43%
Stage IV	63.83%	49.57%-78.09%
Successful SEMS insertion	93.85%	87.85%-99.85%
Failed SEMS insertion	6.15%	0.15%-12.15%
Number of SEMS inserted
A single SEMS	87.32%	79.39%-95.25%
Two SEMS	12.68%	4.75%-20.61%
Complications
Perforation	4.10%	0.01%-8.77%
Migration	8.21%	0.02%-14.67%
Stent re-occlusion	2.74%	0.01%-6.57%
Went for surgery	65.15%	53.35%-76.95%
No surgery	34.85%	23.05%-46.65%
Received neoadjuvant chemotherapy	52.38%	29.09%-75.68%
From symptom onset to SEMS insertion	5	3-6
From SEMS insertion to surgery	34	19-49
From SEMS insertion to last follow-up or death (d)
Full cohort	425	297-554
Patients who had surgery	608	420-796
Patients who had palliative therapy	137	83-191

ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; ALP: Alkaline phosphatase; INR: International normalized ratio; CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen; SEMS: Self-expandable metal stents.