Risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with drug-resistant chronic hepatitis B

Table 3 Comparison of tumor characteristics between patients with hepatocellular carcinoma with resistant chronic hepatitis B (R group) and hepatocellular carcinoma with chronic hepatitis B treated with antivirals (N group) n (%)

Variables	R group (n = 57)	N group (n = 119)	P-value
Gender (male)	42 (73.7)	100 (84)	0.158
Age (mean, yr)	57.44 ± 8.35	55.37 ± 10.61	0.161
Presence of cirrhosis	55 (96.5)	117 (98.3)	1
Portal vein thrombosis	8 (14)	43 (36.1)	0.004
Vascular invasion	20 (35.1)	47 (39.5)	0.623
Multi-nodular tumor type	21 (36.8)	55 (46.2)	0.259
CLIP score	0.75 ± 0.85	1.67 ± 1.43	< 0.001
Modified UICC stage (< IVA)	50 (87.7)	73 (61.3)	< 0.001
Modified UICC stage (I/II/III/IVA/IVB)	13/18/19/6/1	18/34/21/28/18
LN involvement	1 (2.1)	14 (11.7)	0.071
Distant metastasis	0 (0)	13 (10.9)	0.019
AST U/L (median, range)	48 (20-415)	61 (16-481)	0.022
ALT U/L (median, range)	39 (8-532)	44 (3-203)	0.616
Platelet count (103/mm3), (median, range)	103 (23-380)	126 (24-426)	0.009
CRP (mg/dL) (median, range)	0.34 ± 0.37	1.71 ± 2.75	< 0.001
AFP IU/mL (median, range)	48 (2-40591)	107 (2-50000)	0.003
Child-Pugh score	5.51 ± 0.85	5.91 ± 1.32	0.344
Duration of anti-viral Tx. (mo)	20 (0-72)	6 (1-276)	0.001
Mean tumor surveillance period (mo)	6.35 ± 1.69	8.71 ± 2.86	< 0.001
Total follow-up duration (d)	842.51 ± 702.57	801.74 ± 713.24	0.721

UICC: Union Internationale Contre le Cancer; CLIP: Cancer of the Liver Italian Program; LN: Lymph node; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AFP: Alpha-fetoprotein; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; HBV: Hepatitis B virus; CRP: C-reactive protein.