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World J Gastroenterol. Jan 28, 2013; 19(4): 463-481
Published online Jan 28, 2013. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v19.i4.463
Published online Jan 28, 2013. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v19.i4.463
Table 5 Side effects related to the administration of drugs used for sedation in gastrointestinal endoscopy
| Side effect | Midazolam | Propofol | Fentanyl |
| Hypotension | Yes | Yes | |
| Hypertension | Yes | ||
| Heart rate alterations | Arrhythmia | Decrease | Arrhythmia |
| Respiratorydepression | Yes | Yes | Yes (particularly in the elderly) |
| Apnoea | Yes (in combination with fentanyl) | Yes | Yes (in combination with Midazolam) |
| Dystonia | Yes | Yes | |
| Priapism | Yes | Yes (very rarely) | |
| Pain on injection | Yes | ||
| Lactic acidosis | Yes | ||
| Intraocular pressure changes | Decrease | ||
| Myoclonic movements | Yes | ||
| Nervous system side effects | Yes (especially in the elderly) | Rare | Yes |
| Unusual dreams | Yes | ||
| Hypersensitivity | Yes | Yes | Yes (rarely) |
| Liver damage | Yes | ||
| Amnesia | Yes | ||
| Impairment of cognitive functions - inability to drive safely | Yes | ||
| Paradoxical behaviour | Yes | Yes | |
| Gastrointestinal effects (nausea, vomiting, hiccups, diarrhoea) | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Sexual disinhibition | Yes | ||
| Potential for abuse | Yes | ||
| Haemolysis | Yes (slow injection rates and/or mixture in isotonic fluid) |
- Citation: Triantafillidis JK, Merikas E, Nikolakis D, Papalois AE. Sedation in gastrointestinal endoscopy: Current issues. World J Gastroenterol 2013; 19(4): 463-481
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v19/i4/463.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v19.i4.463