Induction of clinical response and remission of inflammatory bowel disease by use of herbal medicines: A meta-analysis

Table 2 Results for outcomes investigated for each included studies

Herbal product	IBD type	Study	Patients reported AE		Clinical efficacy		Endoscopic efficacy		Histological efficacy		Recurrence relapse
			Any AE	Serious AE	Clinical remission	Clinical response	Endoscopic remission	Endoscopic response	Histological remission	Histological response
Aloe vera	UC	16	H: 6/30	-	H: 9/ 30	H: 14/30	H: 7/26	H: 12/26	H: 6/21	H: 14/21	-
			C: 4/14		C: 1/14	C: 2/14	C: 2/11	C: 3/11	C: 4/9	C: 7/9
Andrographis paniculata	UC	17	H: 84/149	H: 4/149	H: 53/148	H: 78/148	H: 65/148	-	-	-	-
			C: 45/75	C: 2/75	C: 19/75	C: 30/75	C: 25/75
Artemisia absinthium	CD	18	-	H: 0/10	-	H: 8/10	-	-	-	-	-
				C: 0/10		C: 2/10
Artemisia absinthium	CD	19	-	-	H: 13/20	H: 18/20	-	-	-	-	-
					C: 0/20	C: 0/20
Boswellia serrata	CD	20	H: 29/42	H: 4/42	-	-	-	-	-	-	H: 14/42
			C: 34/40	C: 4/40							C: 14/40
Boswellia serrata	Collagenous colitis	21	H: 2/16	H: 0/16	H: 10/16	-	-	-	-	-	-
			C: 1/15	C: 0/15	C: 4/15
Triticum aestivum	UC	22	-	-	-	H: 10/11	-	-	-	-	-
						C: 5/12

AE: Adverse event; C: Control; CD: Crohn’s disease; H: Herbal product; UC: Ulcerative colitis; IBD: Inflammatory bowel disease.