Cardiovascular disease risk factor profiles in children with celiac disease on gluten-free diets

Table 1 Descriptive data of the study populations at diagnosis (T0) and recruitment (T1)

Variable	Israel	Italy	P-value
n	70	44
Sex (female)	71.40%	59.10%	0.176
Age at diagnosis (mo)	77.0 ± 43.5	68.7 ± 48.5	0.185
Duration of GFD (mo)	38.9 ± 30.4	69.7 ± 55.6	< 0.00011
Weight Z-score
T0	-0.405 ± 1.21	-0.931 ± 1.36	0.357
T1	-0.172 ± 1.25	-0.240 ± 1.19	0.881
Height Z-score
T0	-0.397 ± 1.14	-0.682 ± 1.40	0.455
T1	-0.192 ± 1.78	-0.310 ± 1.02	0.227
BMI Z-score
T0	-0.103 ± 1.1	-0.369 ± 1.0	0.489
T1	-0.025 ± 1.2	-0.162 ± 1.2	0.760

¹Statistically significant. Values are mean ± SD or number of subjects (percentage). BMI: Body mass index; GFD: gluten-free diet.