Review
Copyright ©2013 Baishideng Publishing Group Co.
World J Gastroenterol. Sep 14, 2013; 19(34): 5598-5606
Published online Sep 14, 2013. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v19.i34.5598
Table 2 Esophageal cancer risk factors[5,80-87]
Risk factorSqumous-cell carcinomaAdenocarcinoma
First or second hand smoke+++++
Alcohol consumption+++-
Consumption of red meat++
Barrett’s esophagus-++++
Reflux symptoms-+++
Being overweight-++
Poverty++-
Caustic injury to the esophagus++++-
History of head and neck cancer++++-
History with radiotherapy++++++
Frequent consumption of extremely hot drinks+-
PolymorphismCyclin D1 (CCND1) G870A polymorphism-+
p53+-
polymorphism
TERT A279T polymorphism++