Gastrointestinal symptoms and associated factors in Chinese patients with functional dyspepsia

Table 3 Horizontal associations between functional dyspepsia patients’ baseline characteristics and dyspeptic symptom score at 1-year follow-up

Variable (at 1-yr follow-up)	Horizontal associations
	Univariate correlates			Multiple linear regression
	r1	F2	P	B	β	t	P	R2Model
Sex3		3.489	0.062	0.585	0.033	6.356	< 0.0014	0.98
Age	0.139		< 0.0014	-0.002	-0.002	-0.456	0.649
Time of follow-up (mo)	-0.035		0.288	-0.121	-0.008	-1.837	0.067
Smoking		1.109	0.293	-0.242	-0.009	-1.533	0.126
Alcohol consumption		5.132	0.0244	0.204	0.008	1.346	0.179
Anxiety		13.257	< 0.0014	0.292	0.015	2.373	0.0184
Depression		27.452	< 0.0014	-0.052	-0.002	-0.392	0.695
Sleep disorder		69.219	< 0.0014	0.216	0.012	2.346	0.0194
Bowel symptom		51.053	< 0.0014	0.185	0.007	1.377	0.169
H. pylori status		1.563	0.210	-0.035	-0.003	-0.759	0.448
Treatments during 1-yr follow-up period
Consulting a physician		224.718	< 0.0014	0.893	0.051	9.168	< 0.0014
Prokinetic use		59.340	< 0.0014	0.200	0.012	2.113	0.0354
Gastric mucosa protectant use		22.857	< 0.0014	-0.014	-0.001	-0.147	0.883
Antacid use		19.313	< 0.0014	-0.023	-0.001	-0.266	0.790
Anti-H. pylori therapy		1.825	0.177	-0.075	-0.003	-0.635	0.526
Traditional Chinese medicine use		50.799	< 0.0014	-0.062	-0.004	-0.755	0.450
Weight loss during 1-yr follow-up period	0.988		< 0.0014	1.040	0.961	186.775	< 0.0014

¹Pearson’s correlation; ²Non-parametric one-way ANOVA;

³Male = 0, female = 1 reference category: female;

⁴Significant variables (P < 0.05). BMI: Body mass index; H.pylori: Helicobacter pylori; DSS: Dyspeptic symptom score.