Role of microRNAs in the immune system, inflammation and cancer

Table 1 MicroRNAs dysregulated in ulcerative colitis and/or Crohn’s disease

	Up-regulated	Down-regulated	Source, reference
UC vs healthy	miR-16, miR-21, miR-23a, miR-24, miR-29a, miR-126, miR-195, let-7f, miR-21, miR-155	miR-192, miR-375, miR-422b	Sigmoid colon[77]
	miR-21, miR-155		Colon[78]
	miR-7, miR-31, miR-135b, miR-223, miR-29a, miR-29b, miR-126*, miR-127-3p, miR324-3p	miR-188-5p, miR-25, miR-320a, miR-346	Colonic mucosa[79]
	(miR-196a, miR-29a, miR-29b, miR-126*, miR-127-3p, miR324-3p)1	(miR-188-5p, miR-25, miR-320a, miR-346)2
	miR-28-5p, miR-151-5p, miR-199a-5p, miR-340*, miRplus-E1271, miR-103-2*, miR-362-3p, miR-532-3p	miR-505*	Peripheral blood[80]
CD vs healthy	miR-9, miR-126, miR-130a, miR-181c, miR-375, miR-26a, miR-29b, miR-30b, miR-34c-5p, miR-126*, miR127-3p, miR-133b, miR-155, miR-196a, miR324-3p, miR-21, miR-22, miR-29c, miR-31, miR-106a, miR-146a, miR146b-3p, miR-150		Colonic mucosa[79]
	(miR-9*, miR-30a*, miR-30c, miR-223 miR-25a, miR-29b, miR-30b, miR-34c-5p, miR-126*, miR127-3p, miR-133b, miR-155, miR-196a, miR324-3p, miR-21, miR-22, miR-29c, miR-31, miR-106a, miR-146a, miR146b-3p, miR-150)1
UC vs CD	miR-199p-5a, miR-362-3p, miR-340*, miR-532-3p, miRplus-E1271	miR-149*, miRplus-F1065	Peripheral blood[80]
		(miR-150, miR-196b, miR-199a-3p, miR-199b-5p, miR-223, miR-320a)2	Colonic mucosa[79]
	miR-28-5p, miR-103-2*, miR-149*, miR-151-5p, miR-340*, miR-532-3p, miRplus-E1153	miR-505*	Peripheral blood[80]

¹miRNAs upregulated specifically in non-inflamed colonic mucosa;

²miRNAs downregulated specifically in non-inflamed tissue colonic mucosa. UC: Ulcerative colitis; CD: Crohn’s disease.