How regenerative medicine and tissue engineering may complement the available armamentarium in gastroenterology?

Table 2 Conditions where human cell transplants have been used clinically

	Indications	Ref.
Islet transplantation	Patients with type 1 diabetes with severe glycaemic lability, recurrent hypoglycemia, and a reduced hypoglycaemia awareness	Shapiro et al[84] Shapiro et al[51] Ryan et al[52] Matsumoto et al[54] Strom et al[57] Vantyghem et al[85]
Hepatocyte transplantation	Inherited metabolic disorders: Familial hypercholesterolemia Urea cycle deficit α1 antitrypsin-deficiency Glycogen storage dz 1a Infantile refsum's dz Factor VII deficiency Crigler-Najar type 1 syndrome Progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis	Grossman et al[86] Strom et al[87] Horlsen et al[88] Mitry et al[89] Fox et al[90] Muraca et al[91] Sokal et al[92] Dhawn et al[93] Hughes et al[62] Ambrosino et al[94]
	Chronic liver failure (Child A-C)	Sterling et al[61] Mito et al[60] Strom et al[95]
	Acute liver failure (as bridge to transplant)	Strom et al[57] Sterling et al[61] Habibullah et al[96] Bilir et al[97]